Nerolidol Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis by Modulating Nrf2/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Drugs, Chemicals and Kits
2.2. Experimental Animals
2.3. Induction of Cardiotoxicity in Rats
2.4. Experimental Design
2.5. Assay of Cardiac Marker Enzymes
2.6. Estimation of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants
2.7. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
2.8. Western Blot Analysis
2.9. Histopathological Evaluation
2.10. Estimation of Protein Concentration
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Nerolidol (NERO) Reinstates Myocardial Marker Enzymes and Doxorubicin (DOX)-Induced Changes in the Myocardial Architecture in Rats
3.2. NERO Attenuates DOX-Induced Oxidative Damage via Activation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Signaling Pathway
3.3. NERO Treatment Attenuates Induction and Release of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
3.4. NERO Attenuates Inflammatory Mediators and Modulates Altered Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB)/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathways
3.5. NERO Prevents DOX-Triggered DNA Damage and Apoptosis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Arunachalam, S.; Nagoor Meeran, M.F.; Azimullah, S.; Sharma, C.; Goyal, S.N.; Ojha, S. Nerolidol Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis by Modulating Nrf2/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060984
Arunachalam S, Nagoor Meeran MF, Azimullah S, Sharma C, Goyal SN, Ojha S. Nerolidol Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis by Modulating Nrf2/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(6):984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060984
Chicago/Turabian StyleArunachalam, Seenipandi, M. F. Nagoor Meeran, Sheikh Azimullah, Charu Sharma, Sameer N. Goyal, and Shreesh Ojha. 2021. "Nerolidol Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis by Modulating Nrf2/MAPK Signaling Pathways in Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Cardiotoxicity in Rats" Antioxidants 10, no. 6: 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060984