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Volume 9
Issue 12
10.3390/brainsci9120354
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Article

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiating Multiple System Atrophy Cerebellar Type and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

by
Chi-Wen Jao
1,2,3,
Bing-Wen Soong
4,5,
Chao-Wen Huang
1,
Chien-An Duan
1,
Chih-Chun Wu
6,7,
Yu-Te Wu
1,2,* and
Po-Shan Wang
1,2,8,*
1
Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
2
Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
3
Department of Neurology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
4
Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11041, Taiwan
5
Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
6
School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
7
Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
8
The Neurological Institute, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei 11261, Taiwan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Brain Sci. 2019, 9(12), 354; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9120354
Received: 6 November 2019 / Revised: 25 November 2019 / Accepted: 2 December 2019 / Published: 3 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Neurotechnology and Neuroimaging)
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Abstract

Multiple system atrophy cerebellar type (MSA-C) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) demonstrate similar manifestations, including ataxia, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs, as well as atrophy and signal intensity changes in the cerebellum and brainstem. MSA-C and SCA3 cannot be clinically differentiated through T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone; therefore, clinical consensus criteria and genetic testing are also required. Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to measure water molecular diffusion of white matter and investigate the difference between MSA-C and SCA3. Four measurements were calculated from DTI images, including fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD). Fifteen patients with MSA-C, 15 patients with SCA3, and 30 healthy individuals participated in this study. Both patient groups demonstrated a significantly decreased FA but a significantly increased AD, RD, and MD in the cerebello-ponto-cerebral tracts. Moreover, patients with SCA3 demonstrated a significant decrease in FA but more significant increases in AD, RD, and MD in the cerebello-cerebral tracts than patients with MSAC. Our results may suggest that FA and MD can be effectively used for differentiating SCA3 and MSA-C, both of which are cerebellar ataxias and have many common atrophied regions in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. View Full-Text
Keywords: DTI; SCA3; MAS-C; cerebellum; K-means clustering DTI; SCA3; MAS-C; cerebellum; K-means clustering
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MDPI and ACS Style

Jao, C.-W.; Soong, B.-W.; Huang, C.-W.; Duan, C.-A.; Wu, C.-C.; Wu, Y.-T.; Wang, P.-S. Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiating Multiple System Atrophy Cerebellar Type and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Brain Sci. 2019, 9, 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9120354

AMA Style

Jao C-W, Soong B-W, Huang C-W, Duan C-A, Wu C-C, Wu Y-T, Wang P-S. Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiating Multiple System Atrophy Cerebellar Type and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Brain Sciences. 2019; 9(12):354. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9120354

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jao, Chi-Wen, Bing-Wen Soong, Chao-Wen Huang, Chien-An Duan, Chih-Chun Wu, Yu-Te Wu, and Po-Shan Wang. 2019. "Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiating Multiple System Atrophy Cerebellar Type and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3" Brain Sciences 9, no. 12: 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9120354

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