Conventional Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Chronic Disorders of Consciousness
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
DOC | disorders of consciousness |
UWS | unresponsive wakefulness syndrome |
MCS | minimally conscious state |
CRS-R | coma recovery scale revised |
18F-FDG PET | fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography |
MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
DOC-MRIDS | disorders of consciousness MRI-based distinguishing scale |
TR | repetition time |
TE | echo tome |
WI | weighted images |
ROC | receiver operating characteristic |
AUC | area under the curve |
References
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Parameters | Score | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absence | Presence | Moderate Changes Presence | Severe Changes Presence | |
diffuse cortical atrophy | 0 | 1 | - | - |
brainstem and/or thalamus degeneration | 0 | 1 | - | - |
corpus callosum lesions | 0 | 1 | - | - |
ventricular enlargement | 0 | - | 1 | 2 |
sulcal widening | 0 | - | 1 | 2 |
leukoaraiosis | 0 | - | 1 | 2 |
corpus callosum degeneration | 0 | - | 1 | 2 |
No. | Age | Sex | Aetiol * | CRS-R | Aud | Vis | Mot | Ver | Comm | Arous | DOC | DOC-MRIDS | DCA | VE | SW | Leu | BTD | CCD | CCL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 23 | M | TR | 20 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | MCS | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
2 | 50 | M | ANOX | 10 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | MCS | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
3 | 21 | M | ANOX | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
4 | 31 | F | ANOX | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
5 | 61 | F | ANOX | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
6 | 31 | F | ANOX | 18 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | MCS | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
7 | 49 | F | TR | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
8 | 22 | M | ANOX | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
9 | 19 | F | TR | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
10 | 26 | M | TR | 11 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | MCS | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
11 | 23 | M | TR | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
12 | 22 | M | TR | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | UWS | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
13 | 50 | M | ANOX | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
14 | 24 | F | TR | 21 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | MCS | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
15 | 55 | M | ANOX | 15 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | MCS | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
16 | 55 | M | ANOX | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | UWS | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
17 | 56 | F | DEM | 18 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | MCS | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
18 | 22 | F | TR | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
19 | 32 | M | ANOX | 18 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | MCS | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
20 | 28 | F | ANOX | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
21 | 51 | M | ANOX | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 9 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
22 | 24 | F | ANOX | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
23 | 33 | M | ANOX | 12 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | MCS | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
24 | 53 | M | ANOX | 12 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | MCS | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
25 | 43 | F | ANOX | 13 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | MCS | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
26 | 56 | M | ANOX | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
27 | 46 | F | ANOX | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 11 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
28 | 47 | M | ANOX | 10 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | MCS | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
29 | 22 | M | TR | 12 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | MCS | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
30 | 47 | M | ANOX | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | UWS | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Parameters | Prevalence in UWS/MCS Patients, % | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absent | Present | Moderate Changes | Severe Changes | |
diffuse cortical atrophy | 29.4/85.0 | 70.6/15.0 | - | - |
brainstem and/or thalamus degeneration | 11.8/69.2 | 88.2/30.8 | - | - |
corpus callosum lesions | 64.7/46.2 | 35.3/53.8 | - | - |
ventricular enlargement | 5.9/0.0 | - | 47.0/100 | 47.0/0.0 |
sulcal widening | 35.3/53.8 | - | 35.3/38.5 | 29.4/7.7 |
leukoaraiosis | 5.9/69.2 | - | 35.3/15.4 | 58.8/15.4 |
corpus callosum degeneration | 11.8/77.0 | - | 52.9/23.0 | 35.3/0.0 |
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Morozova, S.; Kremneva, E.; Sergeev, D.; Sinitsyn, D.; Legostaeva, L.; Iazeva, E.; Krotenkova, M.; Ryabinkina, Y.; Suponeva, N.; Piradov, M. Conventional Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Chronic Disorders of Consciousness. Brain Sci. 2018, 8, 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8080144
Morozova S, Kremneva E, Sergeev D, Sinitsyn D, Legostaeva L, Iazeva E, Krotenkova M, Ryabinkina Y, Suponeva N, Piradov M. Conventional Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Chronic Disorders of Consciousness. Brain Sciences. 2018; 8(8):144. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8080144
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorozova, Sofya, Elena Kremneva, Dmitry Sergeev, Dmitry Sinitsyn, Lyudmila Legostaeva, Elizaveta Iazeva, Marina Krotenkova, Yulia Ryabinkina, Natalia Suponeva, and Michael Piradov. 2018. "Conventional Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Chronic Disorders of Consciousness" Brain Sciences 8, no. 8: 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8080144