Effects of 2-Year Cognitive–Motor Dual-Task Training on Cognitive Function and Motor Ability in Healthy Elderly People: A Pilot Study
by
Emiko Morita 1,2, Hisayo Yokoyama 1,3,*
, Daiki Imai 1,3, Ryosuke Takeda 3, Akemi Ota 4, Eriko Kawai 1, Yuta Suzuki 1,3 and Kazunobu Okazaki 1,3
Emiko Morita 1,2, Hisayo Yokoyama 1,3,*, Daiki Imai 1,3, Ryosuke Takeda 3, Akemi Ota 4, Eriko Kawai 1, Yuta Suzuki 1,3 and Kazunobu Okazaki 1,3
1
Department of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
2
Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Health Science, Aino University, Ibaraki 567-0012, Japan
3
Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
4
Department of Health and Sports Science, Osaka Electro-communication University, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Brain Sci. 2018, 8(5), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci8050086
Received: 9 April 2018 / Revised: 1 May 2018 / Accepted: 10 May 2018 / Published: 11 May 2018
We aimed to examine the effect of 2-year cognitive–motor dual-task (DT) training on cognitive functions and motor ability of healthy elderly people without marked cognitive impairment. From the 25 participants of our 12-week DT trial conducted in 2014, we recruited 8 subjects who voluntarily participated in a new DT training program once a week for 2 years (exercise (EX) group). Their cognitive functions were evaluated by the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination and the Trail Making Test, and results were compared with those of the 11 subjects who discontinued the training and did not perform any types of exercise for 2 years (non-exercise (NO) group). Subjects in the NO group showed deterioration in the 3MS examination results, especially in the cognitive domain of attention. Meanwhile, participation in DT training maintained the scores in almost all domains of cognitive function, as well as the total 3MS scores. However, both groups had impaired quadriceps muscle strength and motor ability after the 2-year observation period. These results suggest that participating in exercise program comprising DT training for 2 years may be beneficial for maintaining the broad domains of cognitive function in healthy elderly people, although further verification is needed.
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Keywords:
attention; dual-task training; cognitive function; exercise; prevention
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MDPI and ACS Style
Morita, E.; Yokoyama, H.; Imai, D.; Takeda, R.; Ota, A.; Kawai, E.; Suzuki, Y.; Okazaki, K. Effects of 2-Year Cognitive–Motor Dual-Task Training on Cognitive Function and Motor Ability in Healthy Elderly People: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci. 2018, 8, 86.
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