Worry Modifies the Relationship between Locus Coeruleus Activity and Emotional Mnemonic Discrimination
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measurements and Tests
2.2.1. Neuropsychological Testing and Questionnaires
2.2.2. Worry Questionnaire
2.2.3. Emotional Mnemonic Discrimination Memory Task
2.3. Imaging
7T Imaging Parameters
2.4. Preprocessing of MRI Data
2.4.1. Anatomical Preprocessing
2.4.2. Preprocessing of BOLD fMRI Data
2.4.3. ROI Value Extraction
2.5. Statistical Analyses
- Memory performance ~ age + sex + depression score + worry score
- 2.
- Memory performance ~ age + sex + worry score + ROI contrast activity
- 3.
- Memory performance ~ age + sex + worry score × ROI contrast activity
3. Results
3.1. High Arousal Modulates Mnemonic Discrimination Performance
3.2. Worry Modulates the Relationship between LC Activation and Mnemonic Discrimination Performance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean (SD) | |
---|---|
N | 23 |
Age (years) | 67.1 (4.9) |
Sex n (% female) | 47.8% |
Education level | 4.3 (1.6) |
MMSE (score) | 29.3 (0.8) |
VLT-total (nr words) | 46.7 (8.5) |
VLT-delayed (nr words) | 9.2 (2.5) |
HDRS (score) | 3.8 (3.6) |
MIA anxiety (score) | 2.8 (0.6) |
High Arousal Hits (score) | 0.6 (0.08) |
Low Arousal Hits (score) | 0.7 (0.08) |
High Arousal FP (score) | 0.5 (0.2) |
Low Arousal FP (score) | 0.4 (0.2) |
High Arousal FN (score) | 0.2 (0.1) |
Low Arousal FN (score) | 0.2 (0.1) |
Est. | t | p | P (FDR) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arousal Contrast: Hit HA-LA | ||||
Amygdala | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.95 | 0.95 |
CA1 | 0.84 | 2.08 | 0.047 | 0.12 |
CA3 | 0.31 | 1.06 | 0.30 | 0.50 |
DG | 0.63 | 2.82 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
LC | 0.04 | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.93 |
Arousal Contrast: Hit LA-HA | ||||
Amygdala | −0.22 | −0.57 | 0.57 | 0.71 |
CA1 | −0.85 | −1.43 | 0.18 | 0.71 |
CA3 | −0.07 | −0.20 | 0.84 | 0.84 |
DG | −0.24 | −0.66 | 0.51 | 0.71 |
LC | −0.09 | −0.59 | 0.56 | 0.71 |
Arousal Contrast: FP HA-LA | ||||
Amygdala | 0.54 | 1.39 | 0.18 | 0.40 |
CA1 | −0.12 | −0.22 | 0.83 | 0.83 |
CA3 | −0.10 | −0.33 | 0.74 | 0.83 |
DG | −0.41 | −1.41 | 0.17 | 0.40 |
LC | −0.29 | −1.21 | 0.24 | 0.40 |
Arousal Contrast: FP LA-HA | ||||
Amygdala | −0.34 | −0.97 | 0.33 | 0.48 |
CA1 | −0.27 | −0.53 | 0.59 | 0.59 |
CA3 | 0.23 | 0.86 | 0.38 | 0.48 |
DG | 0.28 | 0.91 | 0.37 | 0.48 |
LC | 0.28 | 1.04 | 0.31 | 0.48 |
Memory Contrast: HA Hit-FP | ||||
Amygdala | −0.69 | −2.22 | 0.037 | 0.19 |
CA1 | −0.06 | −0.17 | 0.87 | 0.87 |
CA3 | −0.35 | −1.49 | 0.15 | 0.32 |
DG | −0.32 | −1.35 | 0.19 | 0.32 |
LC | −0.10 | −0.55 | 0.59 | 0.74 |
Memory Contrast: LA Hit-FP | ||||
Amygdala | −0.16 | −0.58 | 0.58 | 0.73 |
CA1 | −0.36 | −1.03 | 0.30 | 0.73 |
CA3 | −0.03 | −0.15 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
DG | 0.13 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.73 |
LC | 0.13 | 0.74 | 0.47 | 0.73 |
Memory Contrast: HA FP-Hit | ||||
Amygdala | −0.57 | −0.98 | 0.36 | 0.50 |
CA1 | −0.60 | −0.88 | 0.40 | 0.50 |
CA3 | −0.71 | −1.40 | 0.18 | 0.45 |
DG | −0.82 | −1.65 | 0.12 | 0.45 |
LC | −0.10 | −0.32 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
Memory Contrast: LA FP-Hit | ||||
Amygdala | 0.17 | 0.34 | 0.74 | 0.74 |
CA1 | −0.21 | −0.35 | 0.73 | 0.74 |
CA3 | 0.35 | 1.24 | 0.23 | 0.47 |
DG | 0.52 | 1.57 | 0.13 | 0.47 |
LC | 0.33 | 1.25 | 0.28 | 0.47 |
Est. | t | p | P (FDR) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arousal Contrast: Hit HA-LA | ||||
Amygdala | 0.32 | 0.46 | 0.65 | 0.81 |
CA1 | 1.31 | 1.40 | 0.19 | 0.35 |
CA3 | 0.83 | 1.28 | 0.21 | 0.35 |
DG | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.94 | 0.94 |
LC | 0.52 | 2.1 | 0.045 | 0.23 |
Arousal Contrast: Hit LA-HA | ||||
Amygdala | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
CA1 | 1.01 | 0.87 | 0.40 | 0.92 |
CA3 | −0.57 | −0.89 | 0.38 | 0.92 |
DG | −0.08 | −0.13 | 0.90 | 0.98 |
LC | −0.21 | −0.61 | 0.55 | 0.92 |
Arousal Contrast: FP HA-LA | ||||
Amygdala | 0.94 | 1.20 | 0.24 | 0.99 |
CA1 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
CA3 | −0.11 | −0.21 | 0.84 | 0.99 |
DG | 0.39 | 0.62 | 0.55 | 0.99 |
LC | −0.11 | −0.23 | 0.82 | 0.99 |
Arousal Contrast: FP LA-HA | ||||
Amygdala | −0.21 | −0.26 | 0.79 | 0.99 |
CA1 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.63 | 0.99 |
CA3 | −0.05 | −0.11 | 0.91 | 0.99 |
DG | −0.28 | −0.45 | 0.66 | 0.99 |
LC | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
Memory Contrast: HA Hit-FP | ||||
Amygdala | 1.30 | 1.76 | 0.10 | 0.50 |
CA1 | 1.06 | 1.23 | 0.23 | 0.58 |
CA3 | 0.20 | 0.48 | 0.64 | 0.69 |
DG | 0.19 | 0.40 | 0.69 | 0.69 |
LC | 0.30 | 0.78 | 0.44 | 0.69 |
Memory Contrast: LA Hit-FP | ||||
Amygdala | 0.38 | 0.60 | 0.55 | 0.69 |
CA1 | 0.30 | 0.65 | 0.53 | 0.69 |
CA3 | 0.15 | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.69 |
DG | −0.18 | −0.41 | 0.69 | 0.69 |
LC | −0.61 | −3.13 | 0.006 | 0.03 |
Memory Contrast: HA FP-Hit | ||||
Amygdala | 1.21 | 0.78 | 0.44 | 0.69 |
CA1 | 0.83 | 0.62 | 0.55 | 0.69 |
CA3 | −0.04 | −0.04 | 0.97 | 0.97 |
DG | 0.77 | 0.85 | 0.43 | 0.69 |
LC | 0.68 | 1.18 | 0.26 | 0.69 |
Memory Contrast: LA FP-Hit | ||||
Amygdala | −0.80 | −0.67 | 0.51 | 0.82 |
CA1 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.81 | 0.82 |
CA3 | −0.11 | −0.23 | 0.82 | 0.82 |
DG | −0.77 | −1.07 | 0.30 | 0.75 |
LC | −1.25 | −2.92 | 0.009 | 0.045 |
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Pagen, L.H.G.; Poser, B.A.; van Boxtel, M.P.J.; Priovoulos, N.; van Hooren, R.W.E.; Verhey, F.R.J.; Jacobs, H.I.L. Worry Modifies the Relationship between Locus Coeruleus Activity and Emotional Mnemonic Discrimination. Brain Sci. 2022, 12, 381. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030381
Pagen LHG, Poser BA, van Boxtel MPJ, Priovoulos N, van Hooren RWE, Verhey FRJ, Jacobs HIL. Worry Modifies the Relationship between Locus Coeruleus Activity and Emotional Mnemonic Discrimination. Brain Sciences. 2022; 12(3):381. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030381
Chicago/Turabian StylePagen, Linda H. G., Benedikt A. Poser, Martin P. J. van Boxtel, Nikos Priovoulos, Roy W. E. van Hooren, Frans R. J. Verhey, and Heidi I. L. Jacobs. 2022. "Worry Modifies the Relationship between Locus Coeruleus Activity and Emotional Mnemonic Discrimination" Brain Sciences 12, no. 3: 381. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030381