Working on Cognitive Functions in a Fully Digitalized Multisensory Interactive Room: A New Approach for Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Aims and Hypothesis
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. The Multisensory Interactive Room
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Measures
- 1 = the task was not completed
- 2 = the task was completed with a physical prompt
- 3 = the task was completed with a verbal prompt
- 4 = the task was completed almost autonomously
- 5 = the task was completed autonomously
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Children
3.2. Adolescents/Adults
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Type of Interaction | Activity | Tasks | Functions 1 |
---|---|---|---|
SPLAT | Crossing the floor area without touching any moving element | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Looking at the elements while crossing the area | A | ||
Not touching the elements | SI | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Following the chosen element without hitting it until the therapist says “go” | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the chosen element | SeA | ||
Not hitting the element | SI | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Hitting only the chosen type of elements | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the chosen elements while hitting | SeA | ||
Hitting only the chosen elements | SI | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Hitting the other types of elements | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the chosen elements while hitting | SeA | ||
Hitting only the chosen elements | SI | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Hitting the elements in turn with the therapist | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the elements while hitting | A | ||
Keeping the turn | T | ||
WALLS | Activating the elements on the walls | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Looking at the elements while activating | A | ||
Describing the elements | V | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Activating the elements on the walls in turn with the therapist | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the elements while activating | A | ||
Keeping the turn | T | ||
QUIZ | Questions with answers to choose between | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Describing the alternatives | V | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA |
Type of Interaction | Activity | Tasks | Functions 1 |
---|---|---|---|
WIPE | Coloring the element before it becomes black | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Looking at the element while coloring | A | ||
Naming the element | V | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
SPLAT | Hitting all moving elements | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Looking at the single elements | SeA | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Hitting only the chosen type of elements | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the elements while hitting | SeA | ||
Hitting only the chosen elements | SI | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
Hitting only the other types of elements | Understanding the instruction | RC | |
Looking at the elements while hitting | SeA | ||
Hitting only the chosen elements | SI | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA | ||
SCATTER | Passing the ball to the therapist and back, the ball rolls on the floor | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Keeping the turn | T | ||
ZONES | Touching the elements in turn with the therapist | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Looking at the elements while touching | A | ||
Naming the elements | V | ||
Keeping the turn | T | ||
QUIZ | Simple questions with two alternative answers to choose between | Understanding the instruction | RC |
Naming the alternatives | V | ||
Maintaining the instruction | SA |
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Functions | Sessions | Children | Adolescents/Adults | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Min/Max (2) | Mean (SD) | Min/Max (2) | ||
SA 1 | S1 | 3.73 (0.83) | 2.5/5 (3) | 3.76 (0.82) | 2.27/4.71 |
S5 | 4.53 (0.55) | 3.36/5 (3) | 4.36 (0.35) | 3.73/4.85 | |
SeA 1 | S1 | 3.01 (1.05) | 1.00/4.25 | 3.66 (1.52) | 1.00/5 (1) |
S5 | 4.34 (1.04) | 1.75/5 (4) | 3.93 (1.37) | 1.00/5 (2) | |
A 1 | S1 | 4.62(0.65) | 2.91/5 (7) | 4.36(0.93) | 2.73/5 (2) |
S5 | 4.86(0.34) | 3.82/5 (10) | 4.75(0.31) | 4.27/5 (4) | |
SI 1 | S1 | 3.30 (0.98) | 1.33/4.71 | 3.30 (1.24) | 1.00/4.46 |
S5 | 4.45 (0.81) | 2.83/5 (4) | 3.68 (1.21) | 1.00/4.77 | |
RC 1 | S1 | 3.85 (0.75) | 2.55/5 (2) | 3.89 (0.67) | 2.73/4.75 |
S5 | 4.53 (0.58) | 3.27/5 (3) | 4.37 (0.93) | 3.87/4.78 | |
V 1 | S1 | 2.83(1.19) | 1.00/5 (1) | 3.38 (1.60) | 1. 00/5 (3) |
S5 | 4.39 (0.67) | 3.21/5 (6) | 4.38 (0.92) | 3.00/5 (5) | |
T 1 | S1 | 3.08 (0.93) | 1.00/4.50 | 2.75(1.67) | 1.00/5 (2) |
S5 | 4.20(0.51) | 3.17/4.83 | 3.63(1.77) | 1.00/5 (4) |
Functions | Sessions | High-Functioning | Low-Functioning | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Min/Max (2) | Mean (SD) | Min/Max (2) | ||
SA 1 | S1 | 3.95 (0.92) | 2.25/5 (3) | 3.22 (0.20) | 3.00/3.44 |
S5 | 4.81 (0.20) | 3.36/5 (3) | 3.90 (0.60) | 3.36/4.70 | |
SeA 1 | S1 | 3.28 (1.00) | 1.00/4.25 | 2.41 (1.03) | 1.00/3.33 |
S5 | 4.80 (0.21) | 4.44/5 (3) | 3.31(1.46) | 1.75/5 (1) | |
A 1 | S1 | 4.85(0.21) | 4.20/5 (6) | 4.11(0.98) | 2.91/5 (1) |
S5 | 5(0.00) | 5/5 (9) | 4.55(0.52) | 3.82/5 (1) | |
SI 1 | S1 | 3.75 (0.67) | 2.50/4.71 | 2.31(0.87) | 1.33/3.40 |
S5 | 4.86 (0.13) | 4.67/5 (3) | 3.54 (1.00) | 2.83/5 (1) | |
RC 1 | S1 | 4.02 (0.80) | 2.55/5 (2) | 3.43 (0.54) | 3.00/4.25 |
S5 | 4.80 (0.21) | 4.40/5 (3) | 3.93 (0.70) | 3.27/4.88 | |
V 1 | S1 | 2.56(1.34) | 1.00/5 (1) | 3.45 (0.37) | 3.20/4.00 |
S5 | 4.52 (0.63) | 3.50/5 (5) | 4.10 (0.77) | 3.21/5 (1) | |
T 1 | S1 | 2.95 (1.09) | 1.00/4.50 | 3.37 (0.43) | 3.00/3.80 |
S5 | 4.34(0.35) | 3.67/4.75 | 3.88 (0.72) | 3.17/4.83 |
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Basadonne, I.; Cristofolini, M.; Mucchi, I.; Recla, F.; Bentenuto, A.; Zanella, N. Working on Cognitive Functions in a Fully Digitalized Multisensory Interactive Room: A New Approach for Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111459
Basadonne I, Cristofolini M, Mucchi I, Recla F, Bentenuto A, Zanella N. Working on Cognitive Functions in a Fully Digitalized Multisensory Interactive Room: A New Approach for Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Brain Sciences. 2021; 11(11):1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111459
Chicago/Turabian StyleBasadonne, Ilaria, Melanie Cristofolini, Iris Mucchi, Francesco Recla, Arianna Bentenuto, and Nadia Zanella. 2021. "Working on Cognitive Functions in a Fully Digitalized Multisensory Interactive Room: A New Approach for Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders" Brain Sciences 11, no. 11: 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111459