Effect of Surface Texture Depth with Various Geometric Shapes on the Steady-State Performance and Dynamic Stability of Noncircular Lobed Journal Bearings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theory
3. Governing Equations
3.1. Reynolds Equation
3.2. The Geometric Shape of the Utilized Textures
3.3. Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Rotor Using a Linear Model
3.4. Static Performance Characteristics of the Lobed Bearing
3.4.1. Load Carrying Capacity
3.4.2. Attitude Angle
3.5. Dynamic Stability of Bearings Based on the Linear Model
4. Results and Discussion
5. Conclusions
- 1.
- Among the tested surface textures, cubic patterns demonstrated the most significant impact on both static and dynamic performance of two-lobe bearings, particularly when positioned at 270–300° in the high-pressure region of the lower lobe. Cylindrical and semi-ellipsoidal textures followed in effectiveness, respectively.
- 2.
- The improvement trend of two-lobe bearing performance parameters—including load capacity, critical mass, and whirling frequency reduction—with increasing texture depth is not monotonic. Beyond a geometry-dependent critical depth, the enhancement rate decreases or even reverses.
- 3.
- Cubic textures achieve maximum performance improvements in two-lobe bearings at shallower depths compared to other patterns. The optimal dimensionless depth range for cubic textures falls between 0.4 and 0.5, while cylindrical and semi-ellipsoidal textures require greater depths for peak performance.
- 4.
- The linear dynamic model demonstrates that implementing surface textures while maintaining constant bearing design parameters effectively controls rotor disturbances and reduces surface wear/collisions by enhancing the stability through increased critical mass and reduced whirling frequency. This performance enhancement is more pronounced with cubic textures compared to cylindrical and semi-ellipsoidal patterns.
- 5.
- Surface texturing in low-pressure bearing regions (such as the 300–330° zone of the lower lobe or cavitation areas of the lubricant film) demonstrates negligible performance enhancement and proves economically inefficient. However, computer-aided optimization of texture location, geometry, and depth can achieve peak operational performance of two-lobe bearings while simultaneously reducing both manufacturing and maintenance costs.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
Conventional radial clearance, | Local coordinate of textures | ||
Minor clearance when journal and bearing centers are coincident, | Steady state position of rotor center with respect to Cartesian axes | ||
Bearing diameter, | Greek symbols | ||
Lubricant film thickness, | |||
Bearing length, | Eccentricity ratio | ||
Bearing center | Absolute viscosity of the Newtonian fluid, | ||
Center of the surface textures | Bearing aspect ratio, | ||
Journal center | Preload of the bearing, | ||
Nondimensional critical mass parameter | Angle of journal and bearing line of centers with axis | ||
Fluid film pressure, | angle at leading and ending edge of the ith lobe | ||
Perturbed component of fluid film pressure, | Angular velocity of the rotor, | ||
Journal radius, | Angular velocity of the rotor center perturbations, | ||
The radius and depth of surface texture along the Cartesian coordinate axis, | Angular coordinate measured from axis | ||
Time, | Whirl frequency ratio, | ||
Journal velocity, | Subscripts and superscripts | ||
Steady state resultant load carrying capacity, | |||
Lubricant force components along the and axes | Subscript or superscript for lobedesignation, | ||
Cartesian axes with respect to geometric center of bearing | Subscripts and superscript indicating the directions of Cartesian axes | ||
Perturbed component of rotor center motion along the Cartesian axes measured from static equilibrium point | 0 | Steady state position of rotor and journal bearing |
Appendix A
Symbol | Variable | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|---|
Density of oil lubricant | 868 | ||
Oil film viscosity | 0.065 | ||
Bearing length | 0.1 | ||
Journal radius | 0.05 | ||
Minimum clearance width | |||
Angular speed of rotor | 3000 |
Quantity | Unit | Parametric Coefficients | Nondimensional Form | Numerical Coefficients |
---|---|---|---|---|
3,545,200.043 | ||||
8863.000108 | ||||
73,858,334.23 | ||||
235,098.3796 | ||||
748.3413846 | ||||
314.1592654 |
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0 | 90 | 0 | 0.5 | 11.75 | 11.63 | 48.5 | 47.7 |
0 | 45 | 0 | 0.25 | 11.96 | 11.76 | 50.4 | 51.3 |
175 | 220 | 0.12 | 0.5 | 12.18 | 12.25 | 49 | 49.3 |
180 | 225 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 12.11 | 12.21 | 49.6 | 49.5 |
185 | 230 | 0.12 | 0.5 | 12.19 | 12.15 | 49 | 48.7 |
Bearings Characteristics | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Present Study | Ref. [45] | Present Study | Ref. [45] | |
90.41 | 90.37 | 70.93 | 69.69 | |
0.59 | 0.58 | 1.37 | 1.34 | |
−4.68 | −4.79 | −0.17 | −0.16 | |
5.49 | 5.58 | 3.54 | 3.60 | |
8.78 | 8.93 | 5.22 | 5.36 | |
4.86 | 4.82 | 1.43 | 1.42 | |
−4.39 | −4.5 | 1.36 | 1.34 | |
17.82 | 17.99 | 7.81 | 7.67 |
Parameter | Definition | Number and Magnitude (Dimensionless) |
---|---|---|
The number of textures in the circumferential direction | 5 | |
Number of textures in the longitudinal direction | 10 | |
Dimensionless radius of textures in the circumferential direction | 0.047619 | |
Dimensionless radius of textures in the longitudinal direction | 0.0238095 | |
Eccentricity ratio | 0.5 | |
The starting point of the texture in the longitudinal direction | 0.05 | |
Termination point of the texture in the longitudinal direction | 0.95 |
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Mehrjardi, M.Z.; Shooroki, A.R.; Rabani, M.; Rabani, M. Effect of Surface Texture Depth with Various Geometric Shapes on the Steady-State Performance and Dynamic Stability of Noncircular Lobed Journal Bearings. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 4412. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084412
Mehrjardi MZ, Shooroki AR, Rabani M, Rabani M. Effect of Surface Texture Depth with Various Geometric Shapes on the Steady-State Performance and Dynamic Stability of Noncircular Lobed Journal Bearings. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(8):4412. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084412
Chicago/Turabian StyleMehrjardi, Mahdi Zare, Abolfazl Rasoolizadeh Shooroki, Mehran Rabani, and Mehrdad Rabani. 2025. "Effect of Surface Texture Depth with Various Geometric Shapes on the Steady-State Performance and Dynamic Stability of Noncircular Lobed Journal Bearings" Applied Sciences 15, no. 8: 4412. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084412
APA StyleMehrjardi, M. Z., Shooroki, A. R., Rabani, M., & Rabani, M. (2025). Effect of Surface Texture Depth with Various Geometric Shapes on the Steady-State Performance and Dynamic Stability of Noncircular Lobed Journal Bearings. Applied Sciences, 15(8), 4412. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084412