Fault Detection Algorithms in Medium-Voltage Direct-Current (MVDC) Grids

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

ID: applsci-3315286

Title: Fault detection algorithms in MVDC grids

 The study is very interesting, but needs the following concerns to be addressed:

·       Explanation required, Are the standards used to evaluate each algorithm's usefulness in various fault scenarios?

·       Algorithm evaluation across different fault locations and resistances is mentioned in the paper.

·       How do these techniques adjust to realistic and fluctuating fault circumstances?

·       Please explain how these parameters affect each algorithm's performance.

·       A more thorough, quantitative comparison that incorporates measures like accuracy, computing efficiency, and dependability in real-time settings is needed to verify the the competitiveness of proposed work.

·        Which algorithm is the most appropriate for particular fault situations?

·       It would be beneficial to explain how these particular constraints affect the selection or functionality of fault detection methods.

·       The model's assumptions, boundary conditions, and any restrictions on the software's ability to replicate real-world dynamics need more literature review.

·        PSCAD/EMTDC is utilized for simulations. how closely do simulation findings match the behavior of the actual MVDC grid?

·       The discussion might be improved by examining each method's temporal complexity and viability for real-time fault detection, particularly for applications in vital renewable energy networks.

·       A discussion of how scalable these methods are for larger or more sophisticated MVDC networks would enhance the study, which evaluates a multi-terminal MVDC grid. As grid sizes and complexity grow, scalability becomes increasingly important, particularly for systems that handle many renewable energy sources.

·       please address certain implementation issues (such as sensor accuracy, hardware limits, or integration with current protective systems) and discuss the practical ramifications.

·       and how these algorithms might function in a real-world grid and outside of a simulated setting?

     Figure 3-13 needs x-y axis mentioned and better resolution for readers.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The authors propose a comparative analysis of different fault detection algorithms for medium voltage direct current (MVDC) grids, particularly those designed for applications involving renewable energy sources and hydrogen production. The study evaluates several fault detection methods.

Next, some comments:

1. There are some minor formatting issues, such as missing spaces and inconsistent font sizes. The authors must ensure a uniform format throughout, especially in tables and equations.

2. The authors need to modify the abstract to better emphasize the significance of the problem. The abstract states why fault detection is critical in MVDC grids, specifically for renewable energy. The results are mentioned, but not quantified or detailed, and there is no clear, concrete understanding of the algorithms' performance differences.

3. References provide a basic review, but the authors need a deeper analysis of recent studies. The authors must ensure that the references include the latest MVDC grids and fault detection studies. For example, they need to discuss how other fault detection methods may or may not apply to MVDC grids.

4. Some algorithms are discussed more clearly than others, making it challenging to follow the methodologies in a uniform way. Therefore, for better understanding, algorithm descriptions should be consistent.

6. The thresholds for each fault detection algorithm (eg, OC threshold of 200 A) are provided but not thoroughly justified. The authors should give a reasoning based on the system specifications.

7. For the case of study, details of the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation environment could be elaborated on, such as specific parameters that could impact the results, assumptions made during simulations, or limitations encountered.

8. The results section lacks a comprehensive analysis that compares algorithms between scenarios, highlighting strengths and limitations.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

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Comments for author File: Comments.pdf

Comments on the Quality of English Language

 Through my reading, some writing errors and small typos were found in the manuscript, please correct and check all the probable errors and mistakes.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf