Special Issue on Advanced Optoelectronic Devices and Systems: An Overview

1. Introduction

Advanced optoelectronic devices and systems are at the forefront of modern science, and their advances have led to significant advances in various industries, including telecommunications, healthcare, energy, and computing. These devices and systems play an important role in remote sensing, microscopic imaging, optical communication, and other fields, enabling high-speed communication, efficient energy conversion, precise sensing, and advanced imaging [1,2]. But also drive or promote the development of related physical principles, sensors, and system integration research [3,4].

For advanced optoelectronic devices, in mid-infrared (MIR) band optical absorption regard, 2D materials are widely used in target acquisition, aerial imaging, optical communication, low-visibility imaging, and so on [5,6]. Piezoelectric ceramic actuators have the advantages of fast response speed and high positioning accuracy. Piezoelectric positioning platform equipment with it as the core can accurately realize the micro-nano level travel requirements, so it has been widely concerned by micro-machinery, aerospace, and optoelectronic systems fields [7,8]. However, photodetectors based on different materials have different defects. In order to solve the defects, plasma integration technology and quantum dots hybrid structures [9] can be used to improve the quality of the devices and provide methods and ideas for the subsequent realization of high-performance photodetectors. Hysteretic nonlinearity has a great influence on the positioning accuracy of piezoelectric ceramic actuators [10]. This kind of problem is difficult to model and compensate accurately, so novel modeling methods such as perturbation models can describe complex hysteresis effects [11], and advanced control algorithms such as the control strategy combining iterative learning control (ILC) and hysteresis can compensate the nonlinearity and uncertainty of the system [12], so that these problems can be solved to a certain extent. For the photoelectric system in the field of airborne remote sensing, due to the harsh environmental conditions of the airborne, the photoelectric platform is seriously interfered with by the outside world, and the high speed and height ratio under specific requirements will also cause serious image motion [13]. In order to meet the higher requirements of the airborne optoelectronic platform for visual axis stability accuracy and imaging resolution, advanced image processing technology [14] or control algorithm is usually used, such as genetic algorithm [15] and feedback-feedforward control to improve the visual axis stability accuracy and image motion compensation ability of the system to a certain extent.

The purpose of this Special Issue, “Advanced Optoelectronic Devices and Systems”, is to discuss innovative technologies involved in the design and application of optoelectronic systems and how to improve system performance or solve problems in the design of novel optoelectronic systems through a multidisciplinary approach. The following are original research papers on the optics of advanced optoelectronic devices and systems designed and studied in optical, mechanical, and control systems and airborne/space remote sensing systems.

2. An Overview of the Published Articles

In the process of mirror design, mirror shape and quality errors affect the image quality of the optical system. The traditional design process always requires manual, repetitive work and relies more on experience. The article by Bao Zhang and others (contribution 1) discusses the process of intelligent multi-objective parametric optimization design for mirrors. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) is used as the multi-objective optimization algorithm to achieve intelligent variable parameter optimization design. Python is used to achieve data interaction between Abaqus and MATLAB. The author takes the shape error and total mass of an aluminum alloy mirror with an aperture of 140 mm as an example. The Pareto optimal solution set of the mass and surface shape error under 1 g of gravity was obtained to find the required solution and satisfy the optimization goal, which verified the effectiveness of this method. Compared with traditional design methods that rely on experience, future research can make use of advanced intelligent optimization algorithms to perform multi-objective optimization of mirror structures under more complex constraints and working conditions.

As an advanced optoelectronic device, the piezoelectric drive platform is widely used in optoelectronic systems because of its characteristics of micro- and nanopositioning. For the inherent nonlinear characteristics of piezoelectric materials. The article by Yannan Zhang (contribution 2) proposes a hybrid adaptive control (HAC) strategy based on a hysteresis controller. Firstly, an improved differential evolution algorithm and a least-squares algorithm are used to identify the static hysteresis sub-model and dynamic linear sub-model for the Hammerstein model, respectively. Secondly, a hysteresis controller based on the inverse BW model is designed to suppress the influence of hysteresis on the precision of P-AS. Finally, the HAC method based on a hysteresis compensator is proposed for increasing the control accuracy. In the study, the author proves the stability of the system by means of Lyapunov stability theory and performs a series of comparative tests with the hysteretic compensation controller based on the inverse BW model and MRAC. The experimental results show that the HAC method is effective for the accurate localization of P-AS.

For the photoelectric target recognition system, to design a high-magnification zoom lens, in addition to the need for fast zoom speed, the accurate positioning of the lens group is also very important. Junqiang Gong’s article (contribution 3) proposes a zoom lens design scheme that integrates VCM and TMR sensors together and directly converts the linear motion of the voice coil motor into the motion of the lens, thereby increasing the zoom speed of the zoom lens. In terms of precise positioning, the author designed a high-precision magnetic-scale closed-loop control system. According to the actual performance requirements of a 40× zoom lens, the author describes in detail the motion trajectory planning of a voice coil motor, the structure size of the VCM, and the design process of the coil. By comparing the zoom speed with the traditional stepper motor, the fast zoom speed of the VCM zoom lens is verified. The positioning accuracy was tested under the ISO 230-2-1997 standard [16], and the experimental results showed that the positioning error was less than 5 μm.

Advances in photodetectors have enabled larger imaging areas with smaller pixels, which require faster data acquisition frequencies and greater data transmission volumes. Ying Zhao’s article (contribution 4) demonstrates a unified, scalable data acquisition system based on the bluesky suite. In the study, the development and application of the data acquisition system on SSRF’s BL07U beamline are presented. In the control and data acquisition architecture, the hardware layer, control layer, data acquisition layer, and operator interface layer are designed successively from bottom to top. This hardware layout can realize TEY and TFY data acquisition simultaneously and make the system have the characteristics of low noise and high SNR. On this basis, the BL07U control and data acquisition software composed of six working modules is developed, which ensures the universality of the BL07U data acquisition system and realizes the real-time visualization of data processing in the experiment process. The experimental results of the BL07U show that the system can simultaneously collect signals of experimental samples, standard samples, and incident photon fluxes in up to five channels.

A space remote sensing system not only needs to design a high-performance photoelectric system but also needs to consider the impact of space radiation on the aircraft and the difficulty and cost of launching. In order to achieve lightweight and complete protection, the article by Zhen-Wei Han (contribution 5) introduces the light omnidirectional radiation protection method of the photon counting imaging system. The Al housing is wrapped as the first layer of radiation protection for the detector, and a shielding ring is added to the most sensitive area to provide electromagnetic shielding. In order to improve the shielding effect and reliability, the author selected the appropriate shielding material and mass ratio combination according to the distance between the shielding material and the protected object and the particle environment. Through structural modeling and material simulation analysis, the photon counting imaging system is comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the local shielding ring not only does not affect the sensitivity and the maximum count rate but also achieves the same radiation protection effect as the global shielding ring while reducing the weight requirement.

The quality of the data collected by the optical scanner directly affects the accuracy of the 3D facial measurement, while the data collected by the computer can help the surgeon guide and simulate the plastic surgery. The article by Zhi Rao (contribution 6) proposed a system based on structured light scanners to simulate and guide the analysis of plastic effects. In the research, the author uses the cascaded regression tree algorithm to extract the 3D face data collected by the camera and obtain the face features composed of key points. Then, several deformation operators of face mesh based on finite elements are designed. The results of the operation were quantitatively evaluated by registering the 3D scan model before and after the operation. The imaging accuracy of the system is verified by comparing it with the measurement results of a manual tape measure. At the same time, the virtual prediction software made a virtual prediction of the overall appearance of 10 experimental subjects. According to expert evaluations, most edited 3D faces meet these esthetic standards.

3. Conclusions

In summary, advanced optoelectronic devices and systems involve the cross-integration of mechanical, optical, control, and other disciplines and have a wide range of application prospects and great development potential. Researchers should pay attention to the progress and innovation of photoelectric systems in remote sensing, optical design, computational imaging, and other fields. At the end of this Special Issue, more scholars are encouraged to join this field and promote the innovation and development of optoelectronic technology.