The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Customer Orientation in the Public Sports Organizations Context
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review and Research Hypothesis
2.1. Perceived Organizational Support (POS) and Work Engagement (WE)
2.2. Perceived Organizational Support (POS), Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and Customer Orientation (CO)
2.3. Work Engagement (WE), Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and Customer Orientation (CO)
2.4. Mediating Role of Work Engagement (WE)
3. Methods
3.1. Participants and Procedures
3.2. Measures
4. Results
4.1. Preliminary Data Analysis
4.2. The Results of Correlation Analysis
4.3. The Results of Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) Criterion
4.4. Hypotheses Testing
4.5. Mediation Effect Testing
5. Discussion
5.1. The Relationship between POS and WE
5.2. The Relationship between POS, OCB, and CO
5.3. The Relationship between WE, OCB, and CO
5.4. The Mediating Role of WE
6. Conclusions
6.1. Theoretical Implications
6.2. Managerial Implications
6.3. Limitations and Future Research Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Category | n | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 177 | 71.4 |
Female | 71 | 28.6 | |
Organization | Korea Sport & Olympic Committee | 12 | 4.8 |
Korea Sport Promotion Foundation | 76 | 30.6 | |
KSPO & CO | 38 | 15.3 | |
Athletic organization | 81 | 32.7 | |
Taekwondo Promotion Foundation | 24 | 9.7 | |
Korea Paralympic Committee | 17 | 6.9 | |
Position | Staff or Senior Staff | 73 | 29.4 |
(Assistant) Manager | 119 | 48 | |
(Deputy) General Manager | 20 | 8.1 | |
Head of the Department | 6 | 2.4 | |
Temporary Worker | 20 | 8.1 | |
Others | 10 | 4 |
Variables and Items | Estimate | SE | CR | AVE | α |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived Organizational Support | |||||
My organization appreciates my contribution to the organization | 0.825 | 0.934 | 0.738 | 0.930 | |
My organization respects my goals and values | 0.881 | 0.065 | |||
My organization pays attention to my growth and development | 0.879 | 0.071 | |||
My organization shows me a lot of interest | 0.851 | 0.065 | |||
My organization is proud of the work I have done | 0.833 | 0.063 | |||
Work Engagement | |||||
I enjoy going to work | 0.749 | 0.840 | 0.637 | 0.805 | |
I work passionately in my duties | 0.718 | 0.067 | |||
My work is a valuable thing that contributes to organizational development | 0.848 | 0.078 | |||
Organizational Citizenship Behavior | |||||
I try to help new employees in the development adapt even if it’s not my job | 0.694 | 0.841 | 0.570 | 0.803 | |
I participate in non-work events for the sake of the organization | 0.743 | 0.118 | |||
I put the organization’s interests before my private interests within the organization | 0.656 | 0.116 | |||
I tend to talk about good things about the organization and my colleagues | 0.755 | 0.114 | |||
Customer Orientation | |||||
I try to grasp the needs of external stakeholders | 0.664 | 0.937 | 0.751 | 0.891 | |
I try to respond quickly and accurately to questions from external stakeholders | 0.758 | 0.097 | |||
I try to solve the problems of external stakeholders | 0.854 | 0.100 | |||
I try to maintain friendly relations with external stakeholders | 0.836 | 0.109 | |||
I frequently try to listen to the opinions of external stakeholders | 0.846 | 0.108 | |||
x2 = 337.474, df = 113, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.920, TLI = 0.904, and RMSEA = 0.090 |
Variables | M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Perceived Organizational Support | 3.19 | 0.87 | 1 | |||
2. Work Engagement | 3.69 | 0.79 | 0.649 ** | 1 | ||
3. Organizational Citizenship Behavior | 3.79 | 0.70 | 0.553 ** | 0.630 ** | 1 | |
4. Customer Orientation | 3.82 | 0.63 | 0.424 ** | 0.571 ** | 0.554 ** | 1 |
Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. Perceived Organizational Support | 1 | |||
2. Work Engagement | 0.737 | 1 | ||
3. Organizational Citizenship Behavior | 0.638 | 0.777 | 1 | |
4. Customer Orientation | 0.464 | 0.666 | 0.654 | 1 |
Path | Estimate | SE | t | 95% CI | p | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1. POS ---> WE | 0.739 | 0.075 | 9.868 | 0.499~0.671 | 0.000 | Accepted |
H2. POS ---> OCB | 0.123 | 0.081 | 1.305 | 0.361~0.529 | 0.192 | Rejected |
H3. POS ---> CO | −0.152 | 0.067 | −1.507 | 0.224~0.388 | 0.132 | Rejected |
H4. WE ---> OCB | 0.709 | 0.095 | 6.363 | 0.476~0.650 | 0.000 | Accepted |
H5. WE ---> CO | 0.803 | 0.085 | 6.299 | 0.374~0.539 | 0.000 | Accepted |
Path | Direct Effect | Indirect Effect (p) | Total Effect | 95% CI (Bias-Corrected Bootstrap) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||||
H6. POS ---> WE ---> OCB | 0.123 | 0.524 (0.003) | 0.647 | 0.348 | 0.790 |
H7. POS ---> WE ---> CO | −0.152 | 0.594 (0.004) | 0.442 | 0.411 | 0.815 |
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Park, J.; Kim, J. The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Customer Orientation in the Public Sports Organizations Context. Behav. Sci. 2024, 14, 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030153
Park J, Kim J. The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Customer Orientation in the Public Sports Organizations Context. Behavioral Sciences. 2024; 14(3):153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030153
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Jongchul, and Jooyoung Kim. 2024. "The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Customer Orientation in the Public Sports Organizations Context" Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 3: 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030153
APA StylePark, J., & Kim, J. (2024). The Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Customer Orientation in the Public Sports Organizations Context. Behavioral Sciences, 14(3), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030153