Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Feces of Wild Birds in Mongolia, 2021 to 2023
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection
2.2. Molecular Detection and Virus Isolation
2.3. Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Region of Collection | Total Numbers of Samples | M-Positive Samples | Virus Isolation | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Western (1) | Central (2) | Eastern (3) | No. | % (4) | ||
2021 | - | 2812 | 1334 | 4146 | 39 | 0.94 | 30 |
2022 | 702 | 794 | 641 | 2137 | 33 | 1.54 | 24 |
2023 | 1094 | 1385 | 1387 | 3866 | 31 | 0.80 | 23 |
Total | 1796 | 4991 | 3362 | 10,149 | 103 | 1.01 | 77 |
Subtype | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
H1N2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
H2N8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
H3N1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
H3N2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
H3N3 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
H3N8 | 19 | 5 | 6 | 30 |
H4N1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 |
H4N6 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 11 |
H6N1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 6 |
H6N8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
H10N7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
H10N8 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
H13N8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Total | 30 | 24 | 23 | 77 |
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Kang, Y.-M.; Tseren Ochir, E.-O.; Heo, G.-B.; An, S.-H.; Jeong, H.; Dondog, U.; Myagmarsuren, T.; Lee, Y.-J.; Lee, K.-N. Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Feces of Wild Birds in Mongolia, 2021 to 2023. Animals 2024, 14, 1105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071105
Kang Y-M, Tseren Ochir E-O, Heo G-B, An S-H, Jeong H, Dondog U, Myagmarsuren T, Lee Y-J, Lee K-N. Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Feces of Wild Birds in Mongolia, 2021 to 2023. Animals. 2024; 14(7):1105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071105
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Yong-Myung, Erdene-Ochir Tseren Ochir, Gyeong-Beom Heo, Se-Hee An, Hwanseok Jeong, Urankhaich Dondog, Temuulen Myagmarsuren, Youn-Jeong Lee, and Kwang-Nyeong Lee. 2024. "Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Feces of Wild Birds in Mongolia, 2021 to 2023" Animals 14, no. 7: 1105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071105
APA StyleKang, Y.-M., Tseren Ochir, E.-O., Heo, G.-B., An, S.-H., Jeong, H., Dondog, U., Myagmarsuren, T., Lee, Y.-J., & Lee, K.-N. (2024). Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Low-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Feces of Wild Birds in Mongolia, 2021 to 2023. Animals, 14(7), 1105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071105