Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Phylogeny of Indigenous Goats of Mongolia Revealed by SNP Genotyping
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection and Description
2.2. DNA Extraction and Genotyping
2.3. Construction of the Working Datasets
2.4. Genetic Diversity Estimation
2.4.1. Effective Population Sizes
2.4.2. Runs of Homozygosity (ROH)
2.4.3. Haplotype Sharing
2.5. Genetic Relationships and Population Structure
3. Results
3.1. Dataset Description
3.2. Genetic Diversity and Effective Population Sizes in Mongolian Populations
3.3. Runs of Homozygosity (ROH)
3.4. Ancestry of Mongolian Goat Breeds
3.4.1. Principal Component Analysis
3.4.2. FastSTRUCTURE Analysis
3.4.3. Phylogenetic Analysis
3.4.4. Genetic Distances (FST)
3.4.5. Haplotype Sharing
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Breed (Code) | n 1 | Prefecture | Coordinates | Environment | Areas of Benefit | Color |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Erchim (EB) | 28 | Huvsgul | 51.42, 99.73 | Mountain areas with extreme continental climate | Milk, meat, and cashmere | Black |
Dorgon (DG) | 34 | Hovd | 45.80, 92.29 | Western steppes and mountains | Cashmere, meat, and milk | White and red |
Buural (ZB) | 35 | Zavkhan | 47.95, 93.49 | Gobi-like areas of Great Lake Valleys | Cashmere and milk | Dark brown and black |
Ulgii Red (UR) | 37 | Uvs | 49.31, 91.99 | Both mountain and steppe areas | Cashmere, meat, and milk | Red and brown |
Gob Gurvan Saikhan (GGS) | 33 | Gurvan Saikhan | 43.80, 101.58 | South Gobi, Three Beauties’ mountains | Cashmere | Various. Mostly red and white |
Breed | Ho | He | dH | Fis | FROH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dorgon | 0.396 | 0.395 | 0.001 | −0.004 (−0.006; −0.002) | 0.014 |
Buural | 0.406 | 0.405 | 0.001 | −0.002 (−0.004; 0.000) | 0.007 |
Erchim | 0.393 | 0.388 | 0.005 | −0.013 (−0.015; −0.011) | 0.019 |
Gobi GS | 0.400 | 0.410 | −0.010 | 0.023 (0.021; 0.025) | 0.023 |
Ulgii Red | 0.397 | 0.399 | −0.002 | 0.004 (0.003; 0.005) | 0.013 |
Breed | Dorgon | Buural | Erchim | Gobi GS | Ulgii Red |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dorgon | |||||
Buural | 0.015 | ||||
Erchim | 0.035 | 0.027 | |||
Gobi GS | 0.017 | 0.009 | 0.027 | ||
Ulgi Red | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.028 | 0.012 |
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Mukhina, V.; Svishcheva, G.; Voronkova, V.; Stolpovsky, Y.; Piskunov, A. Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Phylogeny of Indigenous Goats of Mongolia Revealed by SNP Genotyping. Animals 2022, 12, 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030221
Mukhina V, Svishcheva G, Voronkova V, Stolpovsky Y, Piskunov A. Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Phylogeny of Indigenous Goats of Mongolia Revealed by SNP Genotyping. Animals. 2022; 12(3):221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030221
Chicago/Turabian StyleMukhina, Vera, Gulnara Svishcheva, Valery Voronkova, Yurii Stolpovsky, and Aleksei Piskunov. 2022. "Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Phylogeny of Indigenous Goats of Mongolia Revealed by SNP Genotyping" Animals 12, no. 3: 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030221
APA StyleMukhina, V., Svishcheva, G., Voronkova, V., Stolpovsky, Y., & Piskunov, A. (2022). Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Phylogeny of Indigenous Goats of Mongolia Revealed by SNP Genotyping. Animals, 12(3), 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030221