Effects of Litter Size and Parity on Farrowing Duration of Landrace × Yorkshire Sows
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Measurements
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of Litter Size on Farrowing Duration
3.2. Effects of Parity on Farrowing Duration and Litter Size
3.3. Effect Gestation Length on Farrowing Duration and Litter Size
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage | Age (Day) | Vaccine |
---|---|---|
Piglets | 1 | Swine Pseudorabies Vaccine (Intranasal drop) |
7 | Swine Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae Vaccine | |
10 | Swine Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccine | |
12 | Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccine | |
22 | Classical Swine Fever Vaccine | |
52 | Swine Pseudorabies Vaccine | |
59 | Swine Foot and Mouth Disease (Type O) vaccine | |
66 | Classical Swine Fever Vaccine | |
Gilts | 150 | Porcine Parvovirus Disease Vaccine and Swine Epidemic Encephalitis Vaccine |
157 | Classical Swine Fever Vaccine | |
164 | Swine Pseudorabies Vaccine | |
171 | Swine Foot and Mouth Disease (Type O) vaccine | |
178 | Porcine Cirovirus Type 2 Vaccine | |
185 | Porcine Parvovirus Disease Vaccine and Swine Epidemic Encephalitis Vaccine | |
192 | Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccine | |
199 | Swine Foot and Mouth Disease (Type O) vaccine | |
206 | Classical Swine Fever Vaccine | |
213 | Swine Pseudorabies Vaccine |
Litter Size | Number of Litters | Farrowing Duration (min) | CV (%) 1 |
---|---|---|---|
Total Number of Born/Number Born Alive | |||
5 | 418/573 | 252.80 ± 72.75/257.49 a ± 76.8 | 28.78/29.83 |
6 | 673/767 | 249.43 ± 69.29/251.90 ab ± 72.61 | 27.78/28.83 |
7 | 889/1085 | 248.34 ± 67.93/251.96 ab ± 69.26 | 27.35/27.49 |
8 | 1685/1823 | 252.74 ± 69.33/253.41 ab ± 69.17 | 27.43/27.29 |
9 | 1809/2283 | 251.64 ± 69.86/253.47 ab ± 69.29 | 27.76/27.34 |
10 | 4314/4586 | 247.93 ± 66.46/249.54 ab ± 67.94 | 26.81/27.23 |
11 | 4443/4737 | 250.63 ± 67.27/249.68 ab ± 67.38 | 26.84/26.99 |
12 | 6469/6751 | 247.90 ± 65.86/248.89 ab ± 66.03 | 26.57/26.53 |
13 | 4643/4077 | 249.81 ± 68.08/247.19 bc ± 65.89 | 27.25/26.65 |
14 | 3494/2983 | 250.32 ± 66.76/248.83 ab ± 67.15 | 26.67/26.99 |
15 | 1882/1524 | 251.81 ± 68.67/252.00 ab ± 68.02 | 27.27/26.99 |
16 | 960/676 | 260.09 ± 70.51/256.62 a ± 67.61 | 27.11/26.34 |
17 | 326/239 | 251.65 ± 68.57/246.21 bc ± 65.05 | 27.25/26.42 |
18 | 177/96 | 250.82 ± 77.24/239.98 c ± 65.88 | 30.79/27.45 |
19 | 14/- | 270.17 ± 77.51/- | 28.69/- |
20 | 4/- | 274.95 ± 99.80/- | 36.30/- |
Number of Stillborn Piglets | Number of Litters (Frequency %) | Farrowing Duration (Minute) | CV (%) 1 |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 25,339 (78.69) | 247.18 c ± 66.02 | 26.71 |
1 | 5779 (17.95) | 256.60 bc ± 68.44 | 26.67 |
2 | 824 (2.56) | 279.01 abc ± 84.27 | 30.20 |
3 | 162 (0.50) | 287.14 abc ± 87.34 | 30.42 |
4 | 44 (0.14) | 309.82 ab ± 99.09 | 31.98 |
5 | 30 (0.09) | 283.98 abc ± 79.20 | 27.89 |
6 | 14 (0.04) | 319.24 a ± 153.66 | 48.13 |
7 | 3 (0.01) | 288.40 abc ± 194.63 | 67.49 |
8 | 4 (0.01) | 298.65 abc ± 114.99 | 38.50 |
9 | 1 (-) | 251.00 |
Farrowing Duration (Minute) | Number of Litters (Frequency %) | Number Born Dead | Stillbirth Rates |
---|---|---|---|
0–180 | 4192 (13.02) | 0.21 d ± 0.52 | 1.83% |
>180–240 | 10,607 (32.94) | 0.23 d ± 0.54 | 1.96% |
>240–300 | 11,621 (36.09) | 0.25 c ± 0.55 | 2.19% |
>300–360 | 3980 (12.36) | 0.33 b ± 0.65 | 2.85% |
>360–600 | 1800 (5.59) | 0.45 a ± 0.86 | 3.87% |
Parities | Number of Litters | Farrowing Duration (Minute) | CV (%) 1 | TNB 2 | NBA 3 | NBD 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 89 | 212.65 d ± 61.90 | 29.12% | 10.83 c ± 2.35 | 10.59 c ± 2.34 | 0.16 c ± 0.40 |
2 | 6915 | 243.01 c ± 67.68 | 27.85% | 11.45 b ± 2.51 | 11.17 b ± 2.48 | 0.23 b ± 0.53 |
3 | 7477 | 247.23 bc ± 67.23 | 27.19% | 11.89 a ± 2.42 | 11.59 a ± 2.40 | 0.24 b ± 0.55 |
4 | 5078 | 250.23 bc ± 65.84 | 26.31% | 11.99 a ± 2.44 | 11.66 a ± 2.39 | 0.26 ab ± 0.60 |
5 | 3559 | 251.10 bc ± 67.23 | 26.79% | 11.81 a ± 2.42 | 11.51 a ± 2.39 | 0.26 ab ± 0.60 |
6 | 3065 | 252.01 b ± 68.35 | 27.12% | 11.52 b ± 2.34 | 11.20 b ± 2.33 | 0.26 ab ± 0.56 |
7 | 6018 | 260.40 a ± 68.02 | 26.12% | 11.03 c ± 2.38 | 10.65 c ± 2.34 | 0.32 a ± 0.65 |
Parities | Duration of Farrowing (Minutes) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–180 | >180–240 | >240–300 | >300–360 | >360–600 | |
1 | 129.40 b ± 34.00 | 215.62 ± 14.58 | 263.90 b ± 13.83 | 314.90 b ± 8.04 | |
2 | 149.21 a ± 26.81 | 213.02 ± 15.91 | 266.97 ab ± 15.91 | 326.13 a ± 16.10 | 412.68 ± 48.62 |
3 | 149.24 a ± 26.68 | 213.52 ± 15.84 | 267.84 a ± 15.79 | 324.58 a ± 16.41 | 420.94 ± 52.43 |
4 | 149.69 a ± 25.29 | 213.84 ± 15.90 | 268.00 a ± 15.73 | 325.84 a ± 16.60 | 418.98 ± 53.50 |
5 | 149.95 a ± 24.59 | 213.22 ± 15.84 | 268.25 a ± 16.20 | 326.44 a ± 16.14 | 414.80 ± 51.88 |
6 | 150.02 a ± 24.35 | 214.41 ± 16.02 | 267.67 a ± 15.94 | 325.98 a ± 16.49 | 419.70 ± 52.82 |
7 | 148.65 a ± 26.95 | 214.24 ± 15.99 | 268.92 a ± 16.08 | 325.78 a ± 16.66 | 414.50 ± 45.60 |
Gestation Length (day) | Number of Litters | Farrowing Duration (min) | Total Number of Born | Number Born Alive |
---|---|---|---|---|
109 | 7 | 224.23 b ± 33.09 | 10.43 ab ± 2.23 | 10.14 ab ± 2.12 |
110 | 37 | 246.84 ab ± 59.11 | 10.89 a ± 2.04 | 10.00 ab ± 2.44 |
111 | 250 | 257.78 ab ± 71.92 | 11.86 a ± 2.39 | 11.17 a ± 2.40 |
112 | 1200 | 251.39 ab ± 73.80 | 12.05 a ± 2.30 | 11.58 a ± 2.34 |
113 | 4403 | 248.93 ab ± 69.98 | 12.08 a ± 2.29 | 11.67 a ± 2.28 |
114 | 11,789 | 250.29 ab ± 67.58 | 11.69 a ± 2.40 | 11.37 a ± 2.36 |
115 | 12,457 | 250.54 ab ± 66.48 | 11.39 a ± 2.50 | 11.12 a ± 2.48 |
116 | 1997 | 246.02 ab ± 65.05 | 11.16 a ± 2.62 | 10.89 a ± 2.59 |
117 | 57 | 261.78 ab ± 74.62 | 10.63 a ± 2.42 | 10.19 ab ± 2.55 |
118 | 3 | 286.60 a ± 74.90 | 9.00 b ± 3.61 | 8.67 b ± 3.06 |
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Ju, M.; Wang, X.; Li, X.; Zhang, M.; Shi, L.; Hu, P.; Zhang, B.; Han, X.; Wang, K.; Li, X.; et al. Effects of Litter Size and Parity on Farrowing Duration of Landrace × Yorkshire Sows. Animals 2022, 12, 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010094
Ju M, Wang X, Li X, Zhang M, Shi L, Hu P, Zhang B, Han X, Wang K, Li X, et al. Effects of Litter Size and Parity on Farrowing Duration of Landrace × Yorkshire Sows. Animals. 2022; 12(1):94. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010094
Chicago/Turabian StyleJu, Mingming, Xiaonv Wang, Xinjian Li, Menghao Zhang, Lidan Shi, Panyang Hu, Ben Zhang, Xuelei Han, Kejun Wang, Xiuling Li, and et al. 2022. "Effects of Litter Size and Parity on Farrowing Duration of Landrace × Yorkshire Sows" Animals 12, no. 1: 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010094
APA StyleJu, M., Wang, X., Li, X., Zhang, M., Shi, L., Hu, P., Zhang, B., Han, X., Wang, K., Li, X., Zhou, L., & Qiao, R. (2022). Effects of Litter Size and Parity on Farrowing Duration of Landrace × Yorkshire Sows. Animals, 12(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010094