Mycobacteriosis in Aquatic Invertebrates: A Review of Its Emergence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Immune System of Aquatic Invertebrates and Mycobacteriosis
3. Mycobacteriosis in Molluscs
3.1. The Phylum Mollusca
3.2. The Importance of Molluscs for the Global Economy as a Food Source
3.3. Mycobacteriosis in Gastropods
3.4. Mycobacteriosis in Bivalves
4. Mycobacteriosis in Crustaceans
4.1. Crustaceans and Their Importance for the Global Economy as a Food Source
4.2. Mycobacteriosis in Crustaceans of the Class Branchiopoda
4.3. Mycobacteriosis in Edible Crustaceans
5. Mycobacteriosis in Cnidarians, Echinoderms and Sponges
6. Diagnosis of Mycobacteriosis
7. Zoonotic Considerations
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Animal Species | Mycobacterium Species | Infected Tissue | Geographical Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pen shell (Pinna nobilis) | M. sherrisi (M. triplex), Mycobacterium sp. | Connective tissue surrounding the digestive gland, mantle interstitium, and kidney | Italy, Spain, Greece and Croatia | [4,16,17,40,41,42] |
Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) | Mycobacterium sp. | Adductor muscle, digestive gland, kidney, gills and mantle | Massachusetts to Maryland, USA | [15] |
Australorbis glabratus | Mycobacterium sp. | Rectal ridge, kidney, gut, mantle, foot and gonad | nr | [39] |
Two-ridge rams-horn (Helisoma anceps) | Mycobacterium sp. | Surface epithelium, connective tissue surrounding the digestive gland, kidney, rectal ridge and foot | USA | [43] |
Great ramshorn (Planorbarius corneus) | M. chelonae, M. fortuitum | nr | Czech Republic | [44] |
Planorbis planorbis, Pomacea canaliculata | M. ulcerans, M. gordonae, M. szulgai | Digestive tract | Daloa region of Ivory Coast | [45] |
Bulinus senegalensis | M. ulcerans | nr | Benin | [46] |
Marsh snail (Biomphalaria glabrata) | Mycobacterium sp. | Integument, pneumostome, base of the tentacle, digestive and genital epithelia | USA | [47] |
Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) | M. scrofulaceum, M. gordonae, M. terrae complex, M. parafortuitum complex | nr | Alabama, USA | [48] |
Oysters (Crassostrea sp.) | M. marinum | nr | USA, France | [49,50] |
Animal Species | Mycobacterium Species | Infected Tissue | Geographical Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) | M. gordonae | Hepatopancreas, gills, testis | Israel | [5] |
Giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) | Mycobacterium sp. | Hepatopancreas, heart, antennal gland, loose connective tissue of the gnathothorax, gills | USA | [13] |
Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | Mycobacterium sp., M. peregrinum, M. marinum | Mandibular organ and hepatopancreas; carapace and heart; carapace and muscle | USA, Brazil | [14,66,67] |
Brine shrimp (Artemia salina) | Mycobacterium sp. | nr | Czech Republic | [44] |
Common water flea (Daphnia sp.) | M. marinum | nr | Sweden | [62] |
Ceriodaphnia reticulata | M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, M. flavescens | nr | Germany | [63] |
Sea-monkey (Artemia nyos) | M. marinum | nr | Pennsylvania, USA | [65] |
Red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) | M. fortuitum | Hepatopancreas | Ibrahimiyah Canal, Egypt | [68] |
Shrimp | Mycobacterium sp. | nr | Iraq | [69] |
Crab | M. marinum | nr | South Carolina coast, USA | [70] |
Crab | M. arupense | nr | Republic of Korea | [71] |
Animal Species | Mycobacterium Species | Infected Tissue | Geographical Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Coral | M. haemophilum | nr | Thailand | [74] |
Sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) | M. marinum | nr | Spain | [75] |
Sea urchin | M. marinum | nr | Spain | [76] |
Sea urchin | M. marinum | nr | USA | [77] |
Sea urchin | M. chelonae | nr | Hawaii, USA | [78] |
Sponge | M. poriferae | nr | USA | [79] |
Animal Species | Mycobacterium Species | Human Injury | Country | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Oysters (Crassostrea sp.) | M. marinum | A swollen left hand with six non-draining nodular lesions along the ulnar palm. | USA | [49] |
Oysters (Crassostrea sp.) | M. marinum | Ulcer on the hand. | France | [50] |
Common water fleas (Daphnia sp.) | M. marinum | Aquarium-borne infection on the lower arm of the owner. | Sweden | [62] |
Sea-monkey (Artemia nyos) | M. marinum | Five nodular lesions on the right hand and forearm. One at the base of the nail of the right third digit, one in the region of the third metacarpophalangeal joint and three along the right forearm. | Pennsylvania, USA | [65] |
Coral | M. haemophilum | A chronic cutaneous lesion in an immunologically normal patient after a coral injury, which implicated coral. | Thailand | [74] |
Sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) | M. marinum | In a study of 50 biopsy specimens from 35 patients diagnosed as having sea urchin granuloma. Half of these patients were involved in fishing activities, and 50% of these were divers involved in commercial harvesting of sea urchins. | Spain | [75] |
Sea urchin | M. marinum | Osteomyelitis of the first metatarsal bone, after accidental puncture injury by a sea urchin requiring surgical treatment in a non-immunosuppressed patient. | Spain | [76] |
Sea urchin | M. marinum | Arthritis in the interphalangeal joint of the hallux while snorkelling in Japan. | Fukuoka, Japan | [77] |
Sea urchin | M. chelonae | Multiple small, raised nodules over the volar index finger and thumb extending to the palm and resulting in tenosynovitis due to penetrating injury by a sea urchin to the hand. | Hawaii, USA | [78] |
Crab | M. marinum | Granulomatous inflammation on the right fourth finger while fishing. | South Carolina coast, USA | [70] |
Crab | M. arupense | Tenosynovitis in a patient with a history of puncture injury to the finger. | Republic of Korea | [71] |
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Davidovich, N.; Morick, D.; Carella, F. Mycobacteriosis in Aquatic Invertebrates: A Review of Its Emergence. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1249. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081249
Davidovich N, Morick D, Carella F. Mycobacteriosis in Aquatic Invertebrates: A Review of Its Emergence. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(8):1249. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081249
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavidovich, Nadav, Danny Morick, and Francesca Carella. 2020. "Mycobacteriosis in Aquatic Invertebrates: A Review of Its Emergence" Microorganisms 8, no. 8: 1249. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081249