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Microorganisms
Volume 13
Issue 5
10.3390/microorganisms13051086
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Article

Characterization of a Novel 2018 Influenza Virus Outbreak on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, in the Summer

by
Lumumba Arriaga-Nieto
1,
David Alejandro Cabrera-Gaytán
2,*,
Alfonso Vallejos-Parás
1,
Porfirio Felipe Hernández-Bautista
2,
Clara Esperanza Santacruz-Tinoco
2,
Julio Elías Alvarado-Yaah
2,
Yu-Mei Anguiano-Hernández
2,
Bernardo Martínez-Miguel
2,
María Erandhí Prieto-Torres
3,
Concepción Grajales-Muñiz
4,
Nancy Sandoval-Gutiérrez
2 and
Horacia Celina Velarde-Scull
5
1
Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 03100, Mexico
2
Coordinación de Calidad de Insumos y Laboratorios Especializados, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 07760, Mexico
3
Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada en Quintana Roo, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77530, Mexico
4
Organismo Público Descentralizado Servicios de Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social para el Bienestar (IMSS-BIENESTAR), Mexico City 01000, Mexico
5
Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Pediatría del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44329, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2025, 13(5), 1086; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051086
Submission received: 20 March 2025 / Revised: 23 April 2025 / Accepted: 1 May 2025 / Published: 7 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pandemics and Infectious Diseases)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: During the 2017–2018 influenza season, there was high influenza activity, with a predominance of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 circulation in the country. The influenza circulation pattern in the area of the Yucatan Peninsula was different from that of the rest of the country. However, in the summer of 2018, there was a sudden increase in the number of identified cases. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using data generated by four molecular diagnostic laboratories of the Mexican Social Security Institute. Demographics, influenza positivity, seasonality and case fatality rates were recorded. We used odds ratios to compare outpatients who were confirmed by laboratory tests to be positive with those who were confirmed to be negative. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox multivariate analysis were used to calculate cumulative risk. Results: There were 4460 cases of ILI/SARI between Yucatan and Quintana Roo, which represented 53.1% of the total number of cases reported. Compared with that in 2009, the epidemic wave in 2018 was shorter and more expansive, with a greater number of reported cases, as well as a greater number of people who required hospitalization. Conclusions: The dominant pattern of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza activity on the Yucatan Peninsula in the summer of 2018 has not been observed since the influenza pandemic of 2009.
Keywords: novel influenza A; influenza A (H1N1)pdm09; influenza-like illness; severe acute respiratory infection novel influenza A; influenza A (H1N1)pdm09; influenza-like illness; severe acute respiratory infection

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Arriaga-Nieto, L.; Cabrera-Gaytán, D.A.; Vallejos-Parás, A.; Hernández-Bautista, P.F.; Santacruz-Tinoco, C.E.; Alvarado-Yaah, J.E.; Anguiano-Hernández, Y.-M.; Martínez-Miguel, B.; Prieto-Torres, M.E.; Grajales-Muñiz, C.; et al. Characterization of a Novel 2018 Influenza Virus Outbreak on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, in the Summer. Microorganisms 2025, 13, 1086. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051086

AMA Style

Arriaga-Nieto L, Cabrera-Gaytán DA, Vallejos-Parás A, Hernández-Bautista PF, Santacruz-Tinoco CE, Alvarado-Yaah JE, Anguiano-Hernández Y-M, Martínez-Miguel B, Prieto-Torres ME, Grajales-Muñiz C, et al. Characterization of a Novel 2018 Influenza Virus Outbreak on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, in the Summer. Microorganisms. 2025; 13(5):1086. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051086

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arriaga-Nieto, Lumumba, David Alejandro Cabrera-Gaytán, Alfonso Vallejos-Parás, Porfirio Felipe Hernández-Bautista, Clara Esperanza Santacruz-Tinoco, Julio Elías Alvarado-Yaah, Yu-Mei Anguiano-Hernández, Bernardo Martínez-Miguel, María Erandhí Prieto-Torres, Concepción Grajales-Muñiz, and et al. 2025. "Characterization of a Novel 2018 Influenza Virus Outbreak on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, in the Summer" Microorganisms 13, no. 5: 1086. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051086

APA Style

Arriaga-Nieto, L., Cabrera-Gaytán, D. A., Vallejos-Parás, A., Hernández-Bautista, P. F., Santacruz-Tinoco, C. E., Alvarado-Yaah, J. E., Anguiano-Hernández, Y.-M., Martínez-Miguel, B., Prieto-Torres, M. E., Grajales-Muñiz, C., Sandoval-Gutiérrez, N., & Velarde-Scull, H. C. (2025). Characterization of a Novel 2018 Influenza Virus Outbreak on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, in the Summer. Microorganisms, 13(5), 1086. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051086

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