Discrepancies in the Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasma gondii Infection Between B1 Gene Semi-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serological Analyses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Procedures
2.3. Measurements of Serum T. gondii IgG Avidity
2.4. Detection of T. gondii Genomic DNA by B1 Semi-Nested PCR Tests
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AI | avidity index |
Ig | immunoglobulin |
PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
P/S | pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine |
SPM | spiramycin |
T. gondii | Toxoplasma gondii |
References
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No | Maternal Anti- T. gondii IgM, IU/mL (GWs) | Maternal Anti- T. gondii IgG AI (GWs) | Maternal Therapy (GWs) | Birth Weight (GWs)/Gender | Clinical Manifestations of Congenital Toxoplasmosis | Anti-T. gondii IgG/IgM in Newborns’ Serum After Birth (Days of Age) | Anti-T. gondii IgG/IgM in Children’s Serum (Months of Age) | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2.6 * (15) | 48% ※ (17) | Spiramycin (17–20) | 2664 g (38) /female | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | Negative (8)/ Negative (8) | 5 years old; normal development |
2 | 2.5 * (12) | 20% ※ (13) | Spiramycin (12–38) | 3126 g (38) /male | None | Positive (35)/ Negative (35) | Negative (12)/ Negative (12) | 5 years old; normal development |
3 | 6.1 # (18) | 21% ※ (23) | Spiramycin (23–38) | 2788 g (38) /male | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | Negative (6)/ Negative (6) | 2 years old; normal development |
4 | 0.83 # (13) | 59% ※ (16) | Spiramycin (16–18) | 1908 g (32) /female | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | N.D. | 1 year old; N.D. |
5 | 2.2 # (9) | 89% ※ (11) | Spiramycin (10–13) | 2594 g (36) /male | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | N.D. | 1 year old; N.D. |
6 | 2.6 # (8) | 55.4% † (12) | Spiramycin (12–40) | 2578 g (40) /male | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | Negative (7)/ Negative (7) | 1 year old; normal development |
7 | 2.76 # (11) | 33% ※ (12) | Spiramycin (12–39) | 3402 g (39) /female | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | Negative (6)/ Negative (6) | 1 year old; normal development |
8 | 0.64 # (13) | 62% ※ (17) | None | 3144 g (40) /male | None | Positive (0)/ Negative (0) | Negative (11)/ Negative (11) | 1 year old; normal development |
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Uchida, A.; Tanimura, K.; Shirai, K.; Ashina, M.; Fujioka, K.; Morioka, I.; Sasai, M.; Yamamoto, M.; Yamada, H. Discrepancies in the Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasma gondii Infection Between B1 Gene Semi-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serological Analyses. Microorganisms 2025, 13, 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030601
Uchida A, Tanimura K, Shirai K, Ashina M, Fujioka K, Morioka I, Sasai M, Yamamoto M, Yamada H. Discrepancies in the Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasma gondii Infection Between B1 Gene Semi-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serological Analyses. Microorganisms. 2025; 13(3):601. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030601
Chicago/Turabian StyleUchida, Akiko, Kenji Tanimura, Keisuke Shirai, Mariko Ashina, Kazumichi Fujioka, Ichiro Morioka, Miwa Sasai, Masahiro Yamamoto, and Hideto Yamada. 2025. "Discrepancies in the Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasma gondii Infection Between B1 Gene Semi-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serological Analyses" Microorganisms 13, no. 3: 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030601
APA StyleUchida, A., Tanimura, K., Shirai, K., Ashina, M., Fujioka, K., Morioka, I., Sasai, M., Yamamoto, M., & Yamada, H. (2025). Discrepancies in the Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasma gondii Infection Between B1 Gene Semi-Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serological Analyses. Microorganisms, 13(3), 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030601