Reliability and Validity of the Multidimensional Locus of Control IPC Scale in a Sample of 3668 Greek Educators
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
N (%) | |
---|---|
Sex | |
Men | 1030 (28.1) |
Women | 2638 (71.9) |
Age, mean (SD) | 44.4 (8.7) |
Age | |
≤40 | 1147 (31.5) |
41–49 | 1326 (36.4) |
≥50 | 1174 (32.2) |
Family status | |
Single | 1015 (27.8) |
Married | 2298 (63.0) |
Separated | 74 (2.0) |
Divorced | 226 (6.2) |
Widowed | 34 (0.9) |
Years of working experience at school, mean (SD) | 14.9 (9.5) |
School | |
Public | 3267 (89.1) |
Private | 401 (10.9) |
Higher degree | |
Bachelor | 2452 (66.9) |
Master | 1059 (28.9) |
PhD | 154 (4.2) |
Working status | |
Part time | 344 (9.4) |
Full time | 3324 (90.6) |
2.2. Measures
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Translation
3. Statistical Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Internal Consistency Reliability
Mean | SD | Corrected Item-Total Correlation | Cronbach’s Alpha if Item Deleted | Cronbach’s Alpha | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Internality | 27.88 | 4.88 | 0.74 | ||
Item 1 | 0.68 | 1.23 | 0.47 | 0.72 | |
Item 4 | −1.07 | 1.33 | 0.40 | 0.71 | |
Item 5 | 0.67 | 1.01 | 0.48 | 0.69 | |
Item 9 | −0.37 | 1.59 | 0.45 | 0.68 | |
Item 18 | 0.40 | 1.07 | 0.45 | 0.70 | |
Item 19 | 0.71 | 0.90 | 0.44 | 0.71 | |
Item 21 | 1.23 | 0.78 | 0.50 | 0.72 | |
Item 23 | 0.98 | 0.89 | 0.55 | 0.73 | |
Powerful Others | 14.51 | 6.76 | 0.79 | ||
Item 2 | −1.18 | 1.37 | 0.60 | 0.75 | |
Item 6 | −1.24 | 1.30 | 0.50 | 0.77 | |
Item 7 | −1.69 | 1.14 | 0.66 | 0.74 | |
Item 10 | −0.35 | 1.48 | 0.53 | 0.76 | |
Item 12 | −1.01 | 1.29 | 0.59 | 0.75 | |
Item 14 | −0.99 | 1.40 | 0.43 | 0.78 | |
Item 16 | −1.10 | 1.37 | 0.20 | 0.81 | |
Item 24 | −2.03 | 1.05 | 0.48 | 0.77 | |
Chance | 13.40 | 6.78 | 0.79 | ||
Item 3 | −0.41 | 1.44 | 0.57 | 0.76 | |
Item 8 | −0.89 | 1.57 | 0.50 | 0.77 | |
Item 11 | −1.55 | 1.30 | 0.52 | 0.77 | |
Item 13 | −0.89 | 1.46 | 0.50 | 0.77 | |
Item 15 | −1.66 | 1.25 | 0.44 | 0.78 | |
Item 17 | −1.93 | 1.14 | 0.58 | 0.76 | |
Item 20 | −0.88 | 1.25 | 0.51 | 0.77 | |
Item 22 | −1.60 | 1.27 | 0.39 | 0.79 |
4.2. Results from CFA
4.3. Convergent Validity
Powerful Others | Chance | Self-Esteem Score | |
---|---|---|---|
Internality | −0.35 | −0.27 | 0.41 |
Powerful Others | 1.00 | 0.67 | −0.44 |
Chance | 1.00 | −0.42 |
4.4. Sex and Age Effects
Internality | Powerful Others | Chance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | p | Mean (SD) | p | Mean (SD) | p | |
Sex | ||||||
Men | 28.51 (5.14) | <0.001 * | 12.97 (6.67) | <0.001 * | 13.29 (6.75) | 0.505 * |
Women | 27.64 (4.75) | 15.11 (6.55) | 13.45 (6.8) | |||
Age | ||||||
≤40 | 27.16 (4.74) | <0.001 ** | 16.08 (6.41) | <0.001 ** | 14.12 (6.84) | <0.001 ** |
41–49 | 28.19 (4.67) | 14.42 (6.46) | 13.41 (6.72) | |||
≥50 | 28.25 (5.14) | 13.07 (6.76) | 12.72 (6.73) |
5. Discussion
6. Strengths and Limitations
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
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Kourmousi, N.; Xythali, V.; Koutras, V. Reliability and Validity of the Multidimensional Locus of Control IPC Scale in a Sample of 3668 Greek Educators. Soc. Sci. 2015, 4, 1067-1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci4041067
Kourmousi N, Xythali V, Koutras V. Reliability and Validity of the Multidimensional Locus of Control IPC Scale in a Sample of 3668 Greek Educators. Social Sciences. 2015; 4(4):1067-1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci4041067
Chicago/Turabian StyleKourmousi, Ntina, Vasiliki Xythali, and Vasilios Koutras. 2015. "Reliability and Validity of the Multidimensional Locus of Control IPC Scale in a Sample of 3668 Greek Educators" Social Sciences 4, no. 4: 1067-1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci4041067
APA StyleKourmousi, N., Xythali, V., & Koutras, V. (2015). Reliability and Validity of the Multidimensional Locus of Control IPC Scale in a Sample of 3668 Greek Educators. Social Sciences, 4(4), 1067-1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci4041067