Reproductive Apparatus, Gonadic Maturation, and Allometry of Cyclocephala barrerai Martínez (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae)
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cyclocephala barrerai Insects
2.2. Reproductive Apparatus Description
2.3. Gonadic Maturation
2.4. Allometry
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Male Reproductive Apparatus
- (1)
- The connecting membrane (Figure 3A) is in the ventral zone, connecting the phallobase to parameres.
- (2)
- (3)
- Posterior phallobase and anterior phallobase (Figure 3E). The posterior phallobase is a sub-cylindric structure that involves the aedeagus and connects to the parameres. It is made up of one piece and presents a high diversity of ultrastructure (Figure 3F). The posterior phallobase has four types of ultrastructure: (1) large needle, (2) small needle, (3) pits (Figure 3F), and (4) small seta with a circular base (Figure 3G).
3.2. Female Reproductive Apparatus
- (1)
- Dorsal plates are sclerotized rectangular shape structures. They insert near the accessory glands, around the genital chamber.
- (2)
- (1)
- Type I is oval-shaped, and it inserts in the genital chamber (Figure 5).
- (2)
3.3. Allometry in Cyclocephala barrerai
3.3.1. Relationships between Body Parts and Weight
3.3.2. Sexual Dimorphism in Lab-Reared Adults
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Structure | Lab-Reared Adults Mean ± SEM (n) | |
---|---|---|
Female | Male | |
Pupa weight | 0.308 ± 0.006 g (58) | 0.291 ± 0.006 g (58) |
Adult weight | 0.188 ± 0.004 g (58) | 0.175 ± 0.004 g (58) |
Middle-tibial length | 2.625 ± 0.051 mm (36) | 2.770 ± 0.022 mm (33) |
Hind-tibial length | 3.025 ± 0.054 mm (35) | 3.077 ± 0.048 mm (36) |
Lamella length | 1.236 ± 0.089 mm (21) | 1.876 ± 0.024 mm (20) |
Lamella area | 0.383 ± 0.015 mm2 (16) | 0.775 ± 0.014 mm2 (20) |
Tarsal claw 1 length | - | 1.199 ± 0.0218 mm (16) |
Tarsal claw 1 width base | - | 0.452 ± 0.007 mm (16) |
Tarsal claw 2 length | - | 0.839 ± 0.065 mm (15) |
Tarsal claw 2 width base | - | 0.0388 ± 0.008 mm (15) |
Genital chamber length | 1.993 ± 0.109 mm (19) | - |
Genital chamber area | 3.875 ± 0.291 mm2 (16) | - |
Bursa copulatrix length | 4.223 ± 0.145 mm (27) | - |
Bursa copulatrix area | 5.089 ± 0.357 mm2 (26) | - |
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Sanchez-Cruz, A.; Tapia-Maruri, D.; Jiménez-Pérez, A. Reproductive Apparatus, Gonadic Maturation, and Allometry of Cyclocephala barrerai Martínez (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae). Insects 2022, 13, 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13070638
Sanchez-Cruz A, Tapia-Maruri D, Jiménez-Pérez A. Reproductive Apparatus, Gonadic Maturation, and Allometry of Cyclocephala barrerai Martínez (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae). Insects. 2022; 13(7):638. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13070638
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanchez-Cruz, Abraham, Daniel Tapia-Maruri, and Alfredo Jiménez-Pérez. 2022. "Reproductive Apparatus, Gonadic Maturation, and Allometry of Cyclocephala barrerai Martínez (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae)" Insects 13, no. 7: 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13070638