Larvicidal, Ovicidal, Synergistic, and Repellent Activities of Sophora alopecuroides and Its Dominant Constituents Against Aedes albopictus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Insect Collection and Rearing
2.2. Plant Materials
Botanical Formation
2.3. Larvicidal, Ovicidal, and Repellent Activities
Larvicidal and Ovicidal Activity of the S. alopecuroides Extract and Its Constituents
2.4. Evaluation of the Synergistic/Antagonistic Relation between the Constituents of S. alopecuroides Extract
2.5. Adult Repellent Activity of the S. alopecuroides Extract
2.5.1. Preparation of Adult Females
2.5.2. Bioassay
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Larvicidal and Ovicidal Activity of Sophora Alopecuroides Extract and Its Constituents
3.1.1. Larvicidal and Ovicidal Activity of Sophora Alopecuroides Extract
3.1.2. Larvicidal and Ovicidal Activity of Sophocarpin and Sophordine.
3.2. Evaluation of Synergistic/Antagonistic Relation between the Constituents of S. alopecuroides Extract
3.3. Adult Repellent Activity of the S. alopecuroides Extract
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | LC50 (ug/mL) | LC30 (ug/mL) | Slope ± SE | χ2 (d.f) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sophora alopecuroides | Larvicidal activity | 4.81 (3.04–6.33) | 2.94 (2.47–3.90) | 1.99 ± 0.186 | 1.28 (4) | 0.002 |
Ovicidal activity | 12.08 (10.40–14.28) | 4.22 (3.33–5.39) | 1.81 ± 0.182 | 0.38 (4) | 0.001 |
Activities | Chemicals | LC50 ug/mL | LC30 ug/mL | LC20 ug/mL | SLOP ± SE | χ2 (d.f) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Larvicidal activity | Sophocarpin | 33.44 (29.99 ± 36.69) | 27.63 (24.20 ± 30.74) | 17.73 (14.51 ± 20.65) | 3.05 ± 0.28 | 18.33 (4) | 0.002 |
Sophordine | 41.09 (37.43 ± 44.69) | 33.52 (29.92 ± 36.85) | 20.89 (17.44 ± 24.03) | 2.86 ± 0.27 | 14.15 (4) | 0.005 | |
Ovicidal activity | Sophocarpin | 83.82 (76.44 ± 93.68) | 62.47 (57.62 ± 68.11) | 31.57 (27.39 ± 35.28) | 1.98 ± 0.18 | 4.98 (4) | 0.003 |
Sophordine | 46.69 (43.52 ± 49.91) | 36.64 (33.62 ± 39.50) | 20.87 (18.01 ± 23.51) | 2.40 ± 0.18 | 14 (4) | 0.002 |
Larvicidal Activity (%) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pure Compound | Binary Mixture | |||||||
Compound a | Compound b | Dose (ug/mL) | Observed a | Observed b | Expected | Observed | χ2 | Effect |
Sophocarpin | Sophordine | LC30 + LC30 | 24.5 | 32.8 | 42.5 | 60.2 | 7.14 | Synergistic |
Sophocarpin | Sophordine | LC20 + LC20 | 29.7 | 33.6 | 44.1 | 56.3 | 3.26 | Antagonistic |
Ovicidal Activity(%) | ||||||||
Sophocarpin | Sophordine | LC30 + LC30 | 36.5 | 33.4 | 44.5 | 43.1 | 0.047 | Antagonistic |
Sophocarpin | Sophordine | LC20 + LC20 | 14.5 | 18.2 | 27.7 | 27 | 0.022 | Antagonistic |
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Shoukat, R.F.; Shakeel, M.; Rizvi, S.A.H.; Zafar, J.; Zhang, Y.; Freed, S.; Xu, X.; Jin, F. Larvicidal, Ovicidal, Synergistic, and Repellent Activities of Sophora alopecuroides and Its Dominant Constituents Against Aedes albopictus. Insects 2020, 11, 246. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11040246
Shoukat RF, Shakeel M, Rizvi SAH, Zafar J, Zhang Y, Freed S, Xu X, Jin F. Larvicidal, Ovicidal, Synergistic, and Repellent Activities of Sophora alopecuroides and Its Dominant Constituents Against Aedes albopictus. Insects. 2020; 11(4):246. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11040246
Chicago/Turabian StyleShoukat, Rana Fartab, Muhammad Shakeel, Syed Arif Hussain Rizvi, Junaid Zafar, Yuxin Zhang, Shoaib Freed, Xiaoxia Xu, and Fengliang Jin. 2020. "Larvicidal, Ovicidal, Synergistic, and Repellent Activities of Sophora alopecuroides and Its Dominant Constituents Against Aedes albopictus" Insects 11, no. 4: 246. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11040246