Host Associations of Culex (Melanoconion) atratus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex (Melanoconion) pilosus from Florida, USA
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Sites and Sampling Protocol
2.2. Blood Meal Analysis
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nearest Landmark | Habitat | Coordinates | Culex atratus | Culex pilosus |
---|---|---|---|---|
C-111E Canal | Hardwood hammock | 25.407291, −80.523353 | 0 | 2 |
Anhinga Trail | Hardwood hammock | 25.402178, −80.615617 | 31 | 85 |
Long Pine Key | Pine rocklands | 25.399878, −80.659990 | 27 | 65 |
Pa-Hay-Okee | Sawgrass prairie | 25.412619, −80.782649 | 11 | 15 |
Mahogany Hammock | Hardwood hammock | 25.338870, −80.818099 | 82 | 34 |
Nine-Mile Pond | Mangrove | 25.253915, −80.798166 | 24 | 21 |
Snake Bight | Mangrove | 25.200773, −80.874253 | 43 | 12 |
Buttonwood Canal | Coastal prairie | 25.148854, −80.923344 | 41 | 11 |
Flamingo | Coastal prairie | 25.144328, −80.921075 | 1 | 3 |
TOTAL | 260 | 248 |
Primer Name | Gene | Primer Sequence | Amplicon Size (bp) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
VertCOI_7194_F | COI | 5′-CGM ATR AAY AAY ATR AGC TTC TGA Y-3′ | 395 | [32] |
Mod_RepCOI_R | 5′-TTC DGG RTG NCC RAA RAA TCA-3′ | |||
Mod_RepCOI_F | COI | 5′-TNT TYT CMA CYA ACC ACA AAG A-3′ | 244 | [32] |
VertCOI_7216_R | 5′-CAR AAG CTY ATG TTR TTY ATD CG-3′ | |||
Mod_RepCOI_F | COI | 5′-TNT TYT CMA CYA ACC ACA AAG A-3′ | 664 | [32] |
Mod_RepCOI_R | 5′-TTC DGG RTG NCC RAA RAA TCA-3′ | |||
16L1 | 16s | 5′-CTGACCGTGCAAAGGTAGCGTAATCACT-3′ | 450 | [29,30,31] |
H3056 | 5′-CTCCGGTCTGAACTCAGATCACGTAGG-3′ |
Host Class | Host Species | Culex atratus | Culex pilosus | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||
Reptilia | Anolis carolinensis | 43 | 20.6 | 18 | 10.7 |
Reptilia | Anolis sagrei | 163 | 78 | 137 | 81.5 |
Reptilia | Anolis equestris | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Reptilia | Coluber constrictor | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Reptilia | Nerodia fasciata | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Reptilia | Alligator mississippiensis | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Reptilia | Crocodylus acutus | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.7 |
Reptilia | Terrapene carolina | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Amphibia | Hyla cinerea | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Aves | Cardinalis cardinalis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Aves | Nyctanassa violacea | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Mammalia | Homo sapiens | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 |
Mixed blood meal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.6 | |
No amplification | 52 | 80 | |||
Total identified | 208 | 168 | |||
TOTAL | 260 | 248 |
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Reeves, L.E.; Hoyer, I.; Acevedo, C.; Burkett-Cadena, N.D. Host Associations of Culex (Melanoconion) atratus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex (Melanoconion) pilosus from Florida, USA. Insects 2019, 10, 239. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10080239
Reeves LE, Hoyer I, Acevedo C, Burkett-Cadena ND. Host Associations of Culex (Melanoconion) atratus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex (Melanoconion) pilosus from Florida, USA. Insects. 2019; 10(8):239. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10080239
Chicago/Turabian StyleReeves, Lawrence E., Isaiah Hoyer, Carolina Acevedo, and Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena. 2019. "Host Associations of Culex (Melanoconion) atratus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex (Melanoconion) pilosus from Florida, USA" Insects 10, no. 8: 239. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10080239