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Article

Cognitive Insight in First-Episode Psychosis: Changes during Metacognitive Training

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Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
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Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Santa Rosa, 39-57, 3a planta 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Institut de Recerca en Salut Mental Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
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Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
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Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí de Sabadell, Parc Taulí, 1, 08208 Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Psychiatry Service, Area de Gestión Sanitaria Sur Granada, Motril, 18600 Granada, Spain
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Department of Psychiatry, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Centre d’Higiene Mental Les Corts, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
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Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Psychiatry Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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UGC Salud Mental de Jaén, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, 23007 Jaen, Spain
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Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Unidad de Salud Mental Comunitaria Málaga Norte, UGC Salud Mental Carlos Haya, Servicio Andaluz de Salud Psychiatry Service, Antequera, 29200 Málaga, Spain
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Mental Health & Addiction Research Group, IdiBGi, Institut d’Assistència Sanitària, 17190 Girona, Spain
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Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Membership of the Spanish Metacognition Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.
J. Pers. Med. 2020, 10(4), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040253
Received: 22 October 2020 / Revised: 23 November 2020 / Accepted: 24 November 2020 / Published: 27 November 2020
Background: Metacognitive training (MCT) has demonstrated its efficacy in psychosis. However, the effect of each MCT session has not been studied. The aim of the study was to assess changes in cognitive insight after MCT: (a) between baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up; (b) after each session of the MCT controlled for intellectual quotient (IQ) and educational level. Method: A total of 65 patients with first-episode psychosis were included in the MCT group from nine centers of Spain. Patients were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 6 months follow-up, as well as after each session of MCT with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS). The BCIS contains two subscales: self-reflectiveness and self-certainty, and the Composite Index. Statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed models with repeated measures at different time points. Results: Self-certainty decreased significantly (p = 0.03) over time and the effect of IQ was negative and significant (p = 0.02). From session 4 to session 8, all sessions improved cognitive insight by significantly reducing self-certainty and the Composite Index. Conclusions: MCT intervention appears to have beneficial effects on cognitive insight by reducing self-certainty, especially after four sessions. Moreover, a minimum IQ is required to ensure benefits from MCT group intervention. View Full-Text
Keywords: first-episode psychosis; metacognitive training; cognitive insight; sessions; experiment first-episode psychosis; metacognitive training; cognitive insight; sessions; experiment
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MDPI and ACS Style

Birulés, I.; López-Carrilero, R.; Cuadras, D.; Pousa, E.; Barrigón, M.L.; Barajas, A.; Lorente-Rovira, E.; González-Higueras, F.; Grasa, E.; Ruiz-Delgado, I.; Cid, J.; de Apraiz, A.; Montserrat, R.; Pélaez, T.; Moritz, S.; the Spanish Metacognition Study Group; Ochoa, S. Cognitive Insight in First-Episode Psychosis: Changes during Metacognitive Training. J. Pers. Med. 2020, 10, 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040253

AMA Style

Birulés I, López-Carrilero R, Cuadras D, Pousa E, Barrigón ML, Barajas A, Lorente-Rovira E, González-Higueras F, Grasa E, Ruiz-Delgado I, Cid J, de Apraiz A, Montserrat R, Pélaez T, Moritz S, the Spanish Metacognition Study Group, Ochoa S. Cognitive Insight in First-Episode Psychosis: Changes during Metacognitive Training. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2020; 10(4):253. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040253

Chicago/Turabian Style

Birulés, Irene, Raquel López-Carrilero, Daniel Cuadras, Esther Pousa, Maria L. Barrigón, Ana Barajas, Ester Lorente-Rovira, Fermín González-Higueras, Eva Grasa, Isabel Ruiz-Delgado, Jordi Cid, Ana de Apraiz, Roger Montserrat, Trinidad Pélaez, Steffen Moritz, the Spanish Metacognition Study Group, and Susana Ochoa. 2020. "Cognitive Insight in First-Episode Psychosis: Changes during Metacognitive Training" Journal of Personalized Medicine 10, no. 4: 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040253

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