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Volume 13
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10.3390/diagnostics13061030
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Article

Retinal Vessel Local Tortuosity under a Macula-to-Optic Disc Central-Framing Change

by
Natalia Ramírez
,
Miquel Ralló
and
Maria S. Millan
*
Applied Optics and Image Processing Group (GOAPI), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, ViolinistaVellsolà 37, 08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2023, 13(6), 1030; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061030
Submission received: 26 January 2023 / Revised: 28 February 2023 / Accepted: 1 March 2023 / Published: 8 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Refining Diagnosis in Ophthalmology through Laboratory Research)
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Abstract

Some ocular and cardiovascular diseases can be detected through the increased tortuosity of retinal blood vessels. Objective tortuosity measures can be obtained from digital image analysis of a retinography. This study tested a set of local tortuosity indices under a change in the frame center (macula, optic disc) of the eye fundus image. We illustrate the effects of such a change on 40 pairs of vessels evaluated with eight tortuosity indices. We show that the frame center change caused significant differences in the mean values of the vast majority of the tortuosity indices analyzed. The index defined as the ratio of the curvature to the arc length of a vessel segment proved to be the most robust in relation to a frame center change. Experimental results obtained from the analysis of clinical images are provided and discussed.
Keywords: tortuosity index; retinography; vessel segmentation; digital eye fundus image tortuosity index; retinography; vessel segmentation; digital eye fundus image

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ramírez, N.; Ralló, M.; Millan, M.S. Retinal Vessel Local Tortuosity under a Macula-to-Optic Disc Central-Framing Change. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061030

AMA Style

Ramírez N, Ralló M, Millan MS. Retinal Vessel Local Tortuosity under a Macula-to-Optic Disc Central-Framing Change. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(6):1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061030

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ramírez, Natalia, Miquel Ralló, and Maria S. Millan. 2023. "Retinal Vessel Local Tortuosity under a Macula-to-Optic Disc Central-Framing Change" Diagnostics 13, no. 6: 1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061030

APA Style

Ramírez, N., Ralló, M., & Millan, M. S. (2023). Retinal Vessel Local Tortuosity under a Macula-to-Optic Disc Central-Framing Change. Diagnostics, 13(6), 1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061030

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