Females and Males Show Differences in Early-Stage Transcriptomic Biomarkers of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Datasets
2.2. Feature Selection and Classification Algorithms
2.3. Performance Evaluation Metrics
2.4. Programming and Running Environments
2.5. Workflow of This Study
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Summary of the Two Lung Cancer Subtypes
3.2. Evaluation of the Classifiers on the Ttest-Ranked Features
3.3. Sex Disparities Using the Ttest-Ranked Biomarkers
3.4. Sex Disparities in the Biomarkers Ranked by LASSO and SVM-RFE
3.5. Sex-Specific Models May Improve Early-Stage Lung Cancer Detection
3.6. Independent Evaluation of the Hypothesis on Gastric Cancer
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N0 | N1 | N2 | N3 | M1a | M1b | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | I | II | III | III | IV | IV |
T1a | I | II | III | III | IV | IV |
T1b | I | II | III | III | IV | IV |
T2 | I | II | III | III | IV | IV |
T2a | I | II | III | III | IV | IV |
T2b | II | II | III | III | IV | IV |
T3 | II | III | III | III | IV | IV |
T4 | III | III | III | III | IV | IV |
Stage I | Stage II | Stage III | Stage IV | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LUAD | Male | 113 | 66 | 38 | 14 |
Female | 160 | 54 | 46 | 12 | |
LUSC | Male | 175 | 122 | 64 | 6 |
Female | 69 | 40 | 20 | 1 |
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Liu, Q.; Wang, Y.; Duan, M.; Fan, Y.; Pan, X.; Liu, S.; Yu, Q.; Huang, L.; Zhou, F. Females and Males Show Differences in Early-Stage Transcriptomic Biomarkers of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 347. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020347
Liu Q, Wang Y, Duan M, Fan Y, Pan X, Liu S, Yu Q, Huang L, Zhou F. Females and Males Show Differences in Early-Stage Transcriptomic Biomarkers of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(2):347. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020347
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Quewang, Yueying Wang, Meiyu Duan, Yusi Fan, Xingyuan Pan, Shuai Liu, Qiong Yu, Lan Huang, and Fengfeng Zhou. 2021. "Females and Males Show Differences in Early-Stage Transcriptomic Biomarkers of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma" Diagnostics 11, no. 2: 347. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020347