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Volume 14
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10.3390/life14060752
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Article

Deciphering the Interaction between Coniella granati and Pomegranate Fruit Employing Transcriptomics

by
Athanasios Tsafouros
1,
Polina C. Tsalgatidou
1,2,
Anastasia Boutsika
2,
Costas Delis
1,
Annamaria Mincuzzi
3,
Antonio Ippolito
3 and
Antonios Zambounis
2,*
1
Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
2
Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
3
Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2024, 14(6), 752; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060752
Submission received: 28 April 2024 / Revised: 4 June 2024 / Accepted: 7 June 2024 / Published: 13 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomic Approaches in Plant Pathology)
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Abstract

Pomegranate fruit dry rot is caused by Coniella granati, also referred as Pilidiella granati. In order to decipher the induced responses of mature pomegranates inoculated with the pathogen, an RNA-seq analysis was employed. A high number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed through a three-time series inoculation period. The transcriptional reprogramming was time-dependent, whereas the majority of DEGs were suppressed and the expression patterns of specific genes may facilitate the pathogen colonization at 1 day after inoculation (dai). In contrast, at 2 dai and mainly thereafter at 3 dai, defense responses were partially triggered in delay. Particularly, DEGs were mainly upregulated at the latest time point. Among them, specific DEGs involved in cell wall modification and degradation processes, pathogen recognition and signaling transduction cascades, activation of specific defense and metabolite biosynthesis-related genes, as well in induction of particular families of transcriptional factors, may constitute crucial components of a defense recruiting strategy employed by pomegranate fruit upon C. granati challenge. Overall, our findings provide novel insights to the compatible interaction of pomegranates—C. granati and lay the foundations for establishing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies involving advanced approaches, such as gene editing or molecular breeding programs for disease resistance, according to European Union (EU) goals.
Keywords: defense responses; immunity; plant–microbe interactions; susceptibility defense responses; immunity; plant–microbe interactions; susceptibility

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tsafouros, A.; Tsalgatidou, P.C.; Boutsika, A.; Delis, C.; Mincuzzi, A.; Ippolito, A.; Zambounis, A. Deciphering the Interaction between Coniella granati and Pomegranate Fruit Employing Transcriptomics. Life 2024, 14, 752. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060752

AMA Style

Tsafouros A, Tsalgatidou PC, Boutsika A, Delis C, Mincuzzi A, Ippolito A, Zambounis A. Deciphering the Interaction between Coniella granati and Pomegranate Fruit Employing Transcriptomics. Life. 2024; 14(6):752. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060752

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsafouros, Athanasios, Polina C. Tsalgatidou, Anastasia Boutsika, Costas Delis, Annamaria Mincuzzi, Antonio Ippolito, and Antonios Zambounis. 2024. "Deciphering the Interaction between Coniella granati and Pomegranate Fruit Employing Transcriptomics" Life 14, no. 6: 752. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060752

APA Style

Tsafouros, A., Tsalgatidou, P. C., Boutsika, A., Delis, C., Mincuzzi, A., Ippolito, A., & Zambounis, A. (2024). Deciphering the Interaction between Coniella granati and Pomegranate Fruit Employing Transcriptomics. Life, 14(6), 752. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060752

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