Iguratimod: Novel Molecular Insights and a New csDMARD for Rheumatoid Arthritis, from Japan to the World
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pharmacologic Actions of IGU
The Action of IGU on the Immune Response
3. The Effects of IGU on Bone Metabolism and Cartilage Erosion
3.1. Promoting Bone Formation
3.2. Inhibiting Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Absorption
3.3. Preventing Cartilage Erosion
4. Clinical Findings Regarding the Efficacy of IGU
4.1. Phase III Clinical Study
4.2. The Efficacy of IGU Treatment in Daily Practice
4.2.1. IGU as a First-Line csDMARD for RA
4.2.2. IGU Treatment for RA Patients with an Inadequate Response to MTX
4.2.3. IGU for Patients with an Inadequate Response to csDMARDs or bDMARDs
4.3. Post-Marketing Clinical Study
5. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors [Reference] | Design | No. of Patients | Endpoint |
---|---|---|---|
Nozaki et al. 2019 [5] | Retrospective | IGU, n = 101 | 36 months |
SASP, n = 96 | |||
Ebina et al. 2019 [6] | Retrospective | Total, n = 31 | 24 weeks |
Hara et al. 2007 [45] | RCT | Total, n = 376 | 28 weeks |
IGU, n = 147 | |||
SASP, n = 156 | |||
Placebo, n = 73 | |||
Hara et al. 2014 [46] | RCT | Total, n = 253 | 52 weeks |
IGU+MTX, n = 165 | |||
Placebo+MTX, n = 88 | |||
Ishiguro et al. 2013 [47] | RCT | Total, n = 253 | 24 weeks |
IGU+MTX, n = 165 | |||
Placebo+MTX, n = 88 | |||
Inoe et al. 2020 [48] | Retrospective | Total, n = 106 | 54 weeks |
IGU+MTX, n = 35 | |||
MTX, n = 71 | |||
Yoshikawa et al. 2018 [49] | Retrospective | Total, n = 50 | 24 weeks |
Okamura et al. 2015 [52] | Retrospective | Total, n = 41 | 52 weeks |
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Nozaki, Y. Iguratimod: Novel Molecular Insights and a New csDMARD for Rheumatoid Arthritis, from Japan to the World. Life 2021, 11, 457. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11050457
Nozaki Y. Iguratimod: Novel Molecular Insights and a New csDMARD for Rheumatoid Arthritis, from Japan to the World. Life. 2021; 11(5):457. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11050457
Chicago/Turabian StyleNozaki, Yuji. 2021. "Iguratimod: Novel Molecular Insights and a New csDMARD for Rheumatoid Arthritis, from Japan to the World" Life 11, no. 5: 457. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11050457