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Volume 13
Issue 8
10.3390/machines13080703
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Thermal Behavior Improvement in Induction Motors Using a Pulse-Width Phase Shift Triangle Modulation Technique in Multilevel H-Bridge Inverters

by
Francisco M. Perez-Hidalgo
1,
Juan-Ramón Heredia-Larrubia
2,*,
Antonio Ruiz-Gonzalez
1 and
Mario Meco-Gutierrez
1
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
2
Department of Electronic Technology, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Machines 2025, 13(8), 703; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13080703
Submission received: 17 June 2025 / Revised: 31 July 2025 / Accepted: 6 August 2025 / Published: 8 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Electronics for Electromechanical Energy Conversion and Drive Systems)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study investigates the thermal performance of induction motors powered by multilevel H-bridge inverters using a novel pulse-width phase shift triangle modulation (PSTM-PWM) technique. Conventional PWM methods introduce significant harmonic distortion, increasing copper and iron losses and causing overheating and reduced motor lifespan. Through experimental testing and comparison with standard PWM techniques (LS-PWM and PS-PWM), the proposed PSTM-PWM reduces harmonic distortion by up to 64% compared to the worst one and internal motor losses by up to 5.5%. A first-order thermal model is used to predict motor temperature, validated with direct thermocouple measurements and infrared thermography. The results also indicate that the PSTM-PWM technique improves thermal performance, particularly at a triangular waveform peak value of 3.5 V, reducing temperature by around 6% and offering a practical and simple solution for industrial motor drive applications. The modulation order was set to M = 7 to reduce both the losses in the power inverter and to prevent the generation of very high voltage pulses (high dV/dt), which can deteriorate the insulation of the induction motor windings over time.
Keywords: induction motor heating; multilevel inverter; harmonic reduction; thermal modeling; PWM techniques; EN50160 compliance induction motor heating; multilevel inverter; harmonic reduction; thermal modeling; PWM techniques; EN50160 compliance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Perez-Hidalgo, F.M.; Heredia-Larrubia, J.-R.; Ruiz-Gonzalez, A.; Meco-Gutierrez, M. Thermal Behavior Improvement in Induction Motors Using a Pulse-Width Phase Shift Triangle Modulation Technique in Multilevel H-Bridge Inverters. Machines 2025, 13, 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13080703

AMA Style

Perez-Hidalgo FM, Heredia-Larrubia J-R, Ruiz-Gonzalez A, Meco-Gutierrez M. Thermal Behavior Improvement in Induction Motors Using a Pulse-Width Phase Shift Triangle Modulation Technique in Multilevel H-Bridge Inverters. Machines. 2025; 13(8):703. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13080703

Chicago/Turabian Style

Perez-Hidalgo, Francisco M., Juan-Ramón Heredia-Larrubia, Antonio Ruiz-Gonzalez, and Mario Meco-Gutierrez. 2025. "Thermal Behavior Improvement in Induction Motors Using a Pulse-Width Phase Shift Triangle Modulation Technique in Multilevel H-Bridge Inverters" Machines 13, no. 8: 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13080703

APA Style

Perez-Hidalgo, F. M., Heredia-Larrubia, J.-R., Ruiz-Gonzalez, A., & Meco-Gutierrez, M. (2025). Thermal Behavior Improvement in Induction Motors Using a Pulse-Width Phase Shift Triangle Modulation Technique in Multilevel H-Bridge Inverters. Machines, 13(8), 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13080703

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