Investigation of Silicon Cyclone Dust and Products of Its Flotation Enrichment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The interaction between silicon monoxide and carbon monoxide in the gas phase in a furnace at a temperature of 1400–1800 K leads to the formation of microsilica. In low-temperature zones of the furnace, which experience a sharp decrease in both the gas phase temperature and the equilibrium concentration of SiO, disproportionation of silicon monoxide can occur. At very high cooling rates of the gas phase, direct condensation of silicon monoxide is possible. A significant portion of the microsilica formed at this stage is returned to the process.
- In open furnaces, microsilica formation occurs as a result of oxidation.
- Microsilica formation occurs due to mechanical entrainment of small fractions of the charge.
2. Materials and Methods of Research
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Research of into the Kinetics of Cyclone Dust Flotation
- Hygroscopicity (temperature 24.8 °C, relative humidity 100%) was 16.6%;
- Regarding the static angle of repose, the minimum angle β was 30° and the maximum angle α was 70°;
- Specific electrical resistance was 6.5 × 107 Ohm × m;
- Dynamic angle of repose was 39.3°;
- Bulk density was 680 kg/m3.
3.2. Preliminary Preparation of Cyclone Dust for Flotation Enrichment
- Phase composition—silicon carbide and crystalline silicon dioxide appeared in approximately equal proportions, with up to 5% crystalline silicon;
- The granulometric composition of the crystalline phase contained particles 20–650 μm in size;
- Up to 20% of the amorphous phase was represented by silicon dioxide with a size of up to 20 μm;
- The d80 was 327 μm.
3.3. Transmission and Electron Microscopy of the Obtained Products
3.4. A Structural Diagram of the Technology Used for Flotation Separation of the Silicate and Carbon Phases of Cyclone Dust
- Preliminary preparation of dust for flotation;
- Repulping of the prepared dust;
- Sonochemical treatment of pulp;
- Gravitational separation of the sand phase;
- Flotation separation.
4. Conclusions
- Composition: SiO2 = 67.37%, C = 23.47%, SiC = 5.03%, CaO = 1.19%, Al2O3 = 0.24%, K2O = 0.24%, Fe2O3 = 0.21%, MgO = 0.059%, Na2O = 0.059%, others—2.132%;
- Phase composition of cyclone dust: SiO2 (quartz and cristobalite), SiC (moissanite), C (graphite), Si (silicon);
- Granulometric composition of dust after sifting through a 400 μm sieve: particle sizes vary from 0.01 μm to 400 μm, with a maximum particle distribution near 100 μm;
- Bulk density of cyclone dust is 680 kg/m3;
- Dynamic angle of repose is 39.3°;
- Static angle of repose: the minimum angle β was 30°, the maximum angle α was 70°;
- Hygroscopicity at a temperature of 24.8 °C and a relative humidity of 100% was 16.6%;
- Specific electrical resistance: 6.5 × 107 Ohm × m.
- Composition: silicon carbide and crystalline silicon dioxide in approximately equal proportions, with up to 5% crystalline silicon;
- Granulometric composition of crystalline phase: 20–650 μm;
- Up to 20% of the amorphous phase was represented by silicon dioxide, which had a size of up to 20 μm.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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x < microns | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 25 | 45 | 100 | 200 |
% | 0 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 2 | 4 | 9.3 | 18 | 28.6 | 44.7 | 64 | 94.5 | 100 |
No. | Phase | Content, % |
---|---|---|
1 | SiC (Moissanite) | 52 |
2 | SiO2 (Quartz) | 36 |
3 | SiO2 (Cristobalite) | 8 |
4 | Si (Crystal) | 4 |
x < microns | 10 | 15 | 25 | 35 | 55 | 80 | 125 | 200 | 300 | 400 |
% | 15.3 | 18.5 | 20.2 | 20.3 | 21 | 24.1 | 33.2 | 49.6 | 72.6 | 100 |
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Karlina, A.I.; Karlina, Y.I.; Gladkikh, V.A. Investigation of Silicon Cyclone Dust and Products of Its Flotation Enrichment. Minerals 2025, 15, 209. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030209
Karlina AI, Karlina YI, Gladkikh VA. Investigation of Silicon Cyclone Dust and Products of Its Flotation Enrichment. Minerals. 2025; 15(3):209. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030209
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarlina, Antonina I., Yuliya I. Karlina, and Vitaliy A. Gladkikh. 2025. "Investigation of Silicon Cyclone Dust and Products of Its Flotation Enrichment" Minerals 15, no. 3: 209. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030209
APA StyleKarlina, A. I., Karlina, Y. I., & Gladkikh, V. A. (2025). Investigation of Silicon Cyclone Dust and Products of Its Flotation Enrichment. Minerals, 15(3), 209. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15030209