Vitreous Tesserae from the Four Seasons Mosaic of the S. Aloe Quarter in Vibo Valentia–Calabria, Italy: A Chemical Characterization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Major Element Concentrations
3.2. Trace Element Concentrations
Colouring and Opacifying Agents
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tessera | Color | Diaphaneity | Colorimetric Coordinates | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
L* | a* | b* | |||
QsBl1 | blue | opaque | 40 | 14 | −78 |
QsBl2 | blue | opaque | 38 | 12 | −79 |
QsBl3 | blue | opaque | 39 | 12 | −79 |
QsA1 | light blue | opaque | 66 | −28 | −15 |
QsA2 | light blue | opaque | 50 | −25 | −11 |
QsA3 | light blue | opaque | 57 | −37 | −13 |
QsGr1 | grey | opaque | 67 | −5 | −7 |
QsGr2 | grey | opaque | 69 | −4 | −9 |
QsG1 | yellow | opaque | 74 | 1 | 56 |
QsR1 | red | opaque | 38 | 35 | 11 |
QsV1 | green | opaque | 39 | −15 | 10 |
QsV2 | green | opaque | 47 | −30 | 11 |
QsV3 | green | opaque | 50 | −13 | 26 |
QsV4 | green | translucent | 43 | −20 | 12 |
QsV5 | green | translucent | 40 | −16 | 11 |
QsV6 | green | opaque | 49 | −22 | 23 |
QsV7 | green | opaque | 49 | −22 | 23 |
QsV8 | green | opaque | 44 | −9 | 5 |
QsV9 | green | opaque | 51 | −25 | 9 |
QsV10 | green | opaque | 40 | −14 | 1 |
Sample | SiO2 | TiO2 | Al2O3 | FeO | MnO | MgO | CaO | Na2O | K2O | PbO | CuO | Sb2O5 | SnO2 | P2O5 | Cl |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QSGr1 | 67.32 | 0.08 | 2.19 | 0.40 | 0.24 | 0.82 | 5.82 | 15.51 | 1.35 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 5.13 | - | 0.08 | 0.96 |
std | 0.24 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.70 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.65 | 0.02 | 0.10 | |
QSGr2 | 66.16 | 0.09 | 2.09 | 0.41 | 0.20 | 0.73 | 5.49 | 16.68 | 1.37 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 5.59 | - | 0.07 | 1.05 |
std | 0.43 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.63 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.45 | 0.01 | 0.10 | |
QsA1 | 66.32 | 0.06 | 2.69 | 0.21 | 0.80 | 0.67 | 7.51 | 16.32 | 0.94 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 3.30 | - | 0.08 | 0.97 |
std | 0.74 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.72 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.10 | |
QsA2 | 67.14 | 0.08 | 2.58 | 0.22 | 0.74 | 0.69 | 7.23 | 16.19 | 0.92 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 3.01 | - | 0.08 | 1.02 |
std | 0.45 | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.45 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.10 | |
QsA3 | 68.07 | 0.12 | 2.20 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.80 | 5.77 | 16.12 | 1.19 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 4.00 | - | 0.07 | 1.02 |
std | 0.47 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.64 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.42 | 0.01 | 0.10 | |
QsBl1 | 65.62 | 0.07 | 2.70 | 0.53 | 0.18 | 0.82 | 5.23 | 18.20 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.15 | 3.76 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 1.06 |
std | 0.37 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.74 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.34 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsBl2 | 66.05 | 0.07 | 2.46 | 0.65 | 0.31 | 0.62 | 7.00 | 16.34 | 0.60 | 0.83 | 0.13 | 3.69 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 1.15 |
std | 0.52 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsBl3 | 65.98 | 0.07 | 2.72 | 0.65 | 0.37 | 0.70 | 7.50 | 15.42 | 0.96 | 0.65 | 0.20 | 3.57 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 1.12 |
std | 0.68 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.58 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.36 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV1 | 68.46 | 0.12 | 2.03 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.81 | 4.88 | 17.38 | 0.97 | 0.91 | 1.52 | 1.04 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 1.05 |
std | 0.57 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.73 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV2 | 67.67 | 0.13 | 1.92 | 0.50 | 0.04 | 0.75 | 4.81 | 16.59 | 1.20 | 0.14 | 1.46 | 3.53 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 1.02 |
std | 0.74 | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.71 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV3 | 65.51 | 0.10 | 2.45 | 0.44 | 0.68 | 0.78 | 4.86 | 14.83 | 1.12 | 6.91 | 0.64 | 0.43 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 1.09 |
std | 0.74 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.48 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV4 | 70.08 | 0.12 | 2.47 | 0.65 | 0.17 | 0.72 | 5.84 | 15.74 | 0.73 | 0.17 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 1.17 |
std | 0.56 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.63 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV5 | 68.17 | 0.22 | 2.28 | 0.60 | 0.17 | 0.64 | 5.92 | 18.11 | 0.72 | 0.18 | 0.91 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 1.06 |
std | 0.75 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.74 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV6 | 65.70 | 0.23 | 2.21 | 0.78 | 0.24 | 0.79 | 5.50 | 15.92 | 0.65 | 4.36 | 1.39 | 1.05 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.98 |
std | 0.67 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.59 | 0.06 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV7 | 66.05 | 0.39 | 2.48 | 0.68 | 0.18 | 0.70 | 5.13 | 17.72 | 0.56 | 2.46 | 1.23 | 0.98 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 1.28 |
std | 0.73 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.83 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV8 | 66.28 | 0.13 | 3.00 | 0.27 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 4.84 | 20.02 | 1.21 | 1.12 | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 1.05 |
std | 0.58 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.64 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV9 | 64.81 | 0.07 | 2.39 | 0.75 | 0.28 | 0.80 | 5.22 | 16.35 | 0.78 | 0.99 | 2.50 | 3.79 | 0.16 | 0.10 | 1.00 |
std | 0.74 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.73 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsV10 | 67.57 | 0.23 | 2.26 | 0.56 | 0.14 | 0.63 | 5.20 | 18.87 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 1.47 | 0.73 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 1.04 |
std | 0.81 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.78 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsG1 | 60.16 | 0.15 | 2.04 | 0.70 | 0.29 | 0.51 | 4.02 | 10.01 | 0.49 | 17.49 | 0.02 | 2.59 | 0.27 | 0.07 | 1.18 |
std | 0.56 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.45 | 0.04 | 1.20 | 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
QsR1 | 58.30 | 0.20 | 2.65 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 1.45 | 5.58 | 18.76 | 0.57 | 9.22 | 1.13 | 0.45 | 0.19 | 0.05 | 1.12 |
std | 0.47 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.76 | 0.05 | 0.60 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.10 |
Sample | SiO2 | TiO2 | Al2O3 | FeO | MgO | CaO | Na2O | K2O |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QsGr1 | 71.21 | 0.09 | 2.31 | 0.43 | 0.87 | 6.16 | 16.41 | 1.43 |
QsGr2 | 70.28 | 0.10 | 2.22 | 0.44 | 0.78 | 5.83 | 17.72 | 1.45 |
QsA1 | 69.25 | 0.07 | 2.81 | 0.22 | 0.70 | 7.84 | 17.04 | 0.98 |
QsA2 | 69.83 | 0.08 | 2.68 | 0.22 | 0.72 | 7.52 | 16.84 | 0.96 |
QsA3 | 71.17 | 0.12 | 2.30 | 0.31 | 0.84 | 6.04 | 16.85 | 1.24 |
QsBl1 | 69.00 | 0.07 | 2.84 | 0.56 | 0.86 | 5.50 | 19.14 | 0.83 |
QsBl2 | 69.52 | 0.07 | 2.59 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 7.37 | 17.20 | 0.63 |
QsBl3 | 69.33 | 0.07 | 2.86 | 0.68 | 0.73 | 7.88 | 16.20 | 1.01 |
QsV1 | 71.13 | 0.13 | 2.11 | 0.49 | 0.84 | 5.07 | 18.06 | 1.01 |
QsV2 | 71.48 | 0.14 | 2.03 | 0.52 | 0.79 | 5.08 | 17.52 | 1.27 |
QsV3 | 71.80 | 0.11 | 2.68 | 0.48 | 0.86 | 5.33 | 16.26 | 1.22 |
QsV4 | 71.81 | 0.12 | 2.53 | 0.66 | 0.73 | 5.98 | 16.13 | 0.75 |
QsV5 | 69.72 | 0.23 | 2.33 | 0.62 | 0.65 | 6.05 | 18.53 | 0.73 |
QsV6 | 70.77 | 0.25 | 2.38 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 5.93 | 17.15 | 0.70 |
QsV7 | 69.48 | 0.41 | 2.60 | 0.72 | 0.74 | 5.39 | 18.64 | 0.59 |
QsV8 | 67.57 | 0.13 | 3.06 | 0.27 | 1.22 | 4.93 | 20.41 | 1.23 |
QsV9 | 70.24 | 0.08 | 2.58 | 0.81 | 0.87 | 5.66 | 17.72 | 0.84 |
QsV10 | 69.66 | 0.24 | 2.33 | 0.58 | 0.65 | 5.36 | 19.46 | 0.59 |
QsG1 | 75.84 | 0.19 | 2.57 | 0.88 | 0.64 | 5.06 | 12.62 | 0.62 |
QsR1 | 65.62 | 0.23 | 2.98 | 0.17 | 1.64 | 6.29 | 21.12 | 0.64 |
Sample | Cr | Co | Ni | Zn | As | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Cd | Sn | Ba |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QSGr1 | 22 | 72.24 | 17.58 | 58.24 | 71.46 | 19.80 | 423 | 6.18 | 60.29 | 2.09 | 0.93 | 2.91 | 35.52 | 187 |
std | 1.9 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 4.4 | 11.3 | 2.0 | 23.6 | 0.8 | 5.7 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.6 | 2.7 | 11.5 |
QSGr2 | 12 | 20.08 | 14.86 | 45.57 | 91.77 | 27.64 | 408 | 6.15 | 59.56 | 2.53 | 2.39 | 2.60 | 34.98 | 186 |
std | 2.4 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 3.6 | 11.4 | 2.6 | 6.7 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.11 | 2.8 | 14.7 |
QsA1 | 18 | 190 | 19.88 | 34.26 | 13.61 | 7.90 | 480 | 6.96 | 34.19 | 1.46 | 2.85 | 1.95 | 8.56 | 267 |
std | 2.1 | 14.4 | 2.4 | 4.6 | 1.1 | 1.40 | 23 | 0.45 | 6.30 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 1.20 | 21 |
QsA2 | n.d. | 240 | 18.81 | 30.50 | 25.65 | 9.52 | 462 | 6.71 | 44.72 | 1.75 | 2.11 | 2.28 | 18.53 | 227 |
std | - | 21 | 2.30 | 2.70 | 2.10 | 1.30 | 24 | 1.10 | 2.80 | 0.30 | 0.36 | 0.12 | 1.40 | 22 |
QsA3 | 24 | 372 | 14.67 | 36.59 | 70.32 | 10.77 | 401 | 5.98 | 59.46 | 2.14 | 1.26 | 3.99 | 38.83 | 177 |
std | 1.7 | 27 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 31 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 2.6 | 11.8 |
QsBl1 | 21 | 754 | 31.33 | 50.69 | 87.83 | 7.30 | 418 | 6.61 | 33.12 | 1.38 | 2.70 | 10.12 | * | 237 |
std | 2 | 43 | 2.78 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 1.3 | 24 | 0.76 | 2.78 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 18 | |
QsBl2 | 151 | 1007 | 40.73 | 67.71 | 116 | 5.72 | 391 | 6.20 | 33.30 | 1.20 | 1.95 | 14.46 | * | 222 |
std | 12 | 41 | 2.60 | 3.80 | 12 | 1.10 | 25 | 0.70 | 2.30 | 0.22 | 0.27 | 1.40 | 16 | |
QsBl3 | 24 | 1002 | 35.75 | 56.36 | 113 | 6.15 | 375 | 5.70 | 32.30 | 1.41 | 2.39 | 13.42 | * | 205 |
std | 3.1 | 54 | 2.6 | 4.8 | 12.5 | 0.73 | 21.5 | 0.40 | 1.30 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 1.50 | 21.4 | |
QsV1 | 30 | 4.08 | 12.47 | 68.21 | 27.34 | 11.78 | 402 | 5.11 | 53.43 | 2.10 | 1.46 | 35.63 | * | 160 |
std | 3 | 0.33 | 1.30 | 4.70 | 1.80 | 1.30 | 28.3 | 0.47 | 3.90 | 0.30 | 0.02 | 2.10 | 12.6 | |
QsV2 | - | 4.15 | 13.61 | 265 | 255 | 4.49 | 439 | 6.53 | 48.45 | 2.55 | 1.22 | 63.01 | * | 132 |
std | 0.36 | 1.40 | 23.5 | 22.6 | 0.51 | 36 | 0.73 | 2.80 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 4.70 | 12.4 | ||
QsV3 | 19 | 7.55 | 16.78 | 118 | 16.38 | 12.12 | 446 | 6.77 | 40.56 | 2.04 | 2.46 | 29.65 | * | 243 |
std | 2.3 | 0.81 | 2.10 | 11.4 | 1.72 | 2.10 | 21.4 | 0.72 | 3.81 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 3.20 | 21.5 | |
QSV4 | 808 | 4.09 | 20.10 | 28.23 | 58.88 | 9.17 | 417 | 5.94 | 55.05 | 1.32 | 1.57 | 15.47 | * | 172 |
std | 45 | 0.52 | 2.30 | 2.50 | 4.70 | 1.20 | 34 | 0.62 | 4.86 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 1.42 | 12.8 | |
QSV5 | 1048 | 3.98 | 19.13 | 40.71 | 44.90 | 9.78 | 412 | 6.16 | 51.72 | 2.04 | 5.28 | 13.33 | * | 165 |
std | 53.70 | 0.42 | 2.20 | 3.78 | 4.65 | 2.50 | 36.4 | 0.76 | 5.14 | 0.32 | 0.46 | 1.21 | 14.5 | |
QSV6 | - | 7.71 | 17.71 | 68.85 | 36.20 | 10.45 | 371 | 6.00 | 54.10 | 2.19 | 2.39 | 36.49 | * | 167 |
std | 1.20 | 2.30 | 4.87 | 2.59 | 2.10 | 28.60 | 0.71 | 4.70 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 4.50 | 11.80 | ||
QSV7 | - | 5.88 | 24.07 | 56.74 | 31.66 | 14.49 | 431 | 6.38 | 67.36 | 3.32 | - | 27.09 | * | 200 |
std | 0.62 | 21.70 | 4.73 | 4.12 | 1.53 | 37 | 0.48 | 7.30 | 0.27 | 3.30 | 16.9 | |||
QSV8 | 204 | 18.92 | 47.71 | 25.18 | 8.84 | 15.10 | 338 | 5.43 | 48.58 | 2.08 | 1.02 | 11.96 | * | 207 |
std | 19 | 2.30 | 4.87 | 3.20 | 0.78 | 2.30 | 21.9 | 0.64 | 5.67 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 1.80 | 18.7 | |
QSV9 | 103 | 12.34 | 21.49 | 136.52 | 62.18 | 15.26 | 407 | 7.03 | 68.12 | 2.57 | 4.19 | 56.99 | * | 187 |
std | 9 | 1.32 | 2.45 | 14.60 | 6.45 | 1.64 | 35.7 | 0.67 | 8.50 | 0.30 | 0.46 | 6.16 | 12.5 | |
QSV10 | - | 5.16 | - | 75.67 | 29.46 | 11.33 | 380 | 6.08 | 63.11 | 2.82 | - | 24.43 | * | 138 |
std | 0.65 | 8.30 | 3.20 | 1.50 | 27 | 0.71 | 6.43 | 0.21 | 2.31 | 11 | ||||
QsG1 | 24 | 15.12 | 17.02 | 29.51 | 32.13 | 7.70 | 291 | 5.68 | 57.83 | 1.95 | 1.28 | 92.78 | * | 152 |
std | 1.9 | 1.43 | 1.52 | 3.21 | 3.42 | 1.20 | 16.8 | 0.62 | 5.43 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 6.87 | 12.5 | |
QsR1 | 19 | 14.69 | 18.68 | 709 | 51.80 | 7.94 | 686 | 6.10 | 58.88 | 3.52 | 2.62 | 63.13 | * | 227 |
std | 2.2 | 1.63 | 2.22 | 64.5 | 5.4 | 0.81 | 47.4 | 0.7 | 6.32 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 7.3 | 21.5 |
Sample | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QSGr1 | 8.98 | 14.00 | 1.48 | 6.97 | 2.13 | 0.50 | 0.75 | 0.21 | 0.86 | 0.28 | 0.78 | 0.17 | 1.04 | 0.21 |
std | 0.65 | 1.32 | 0.20 | 0.67 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 0.02 |
QSGr2 | 8.75 | 14.33 | 1.83 | 7.44 | 0.86 | 0.44 | 0.85 | 0.23 | 0.93 | 0.30 | 0.93 | 0.27 | 0.86 | 0.12 |
std | 0.72 | 1.63 | 0.21 | 0.85 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.02 |
QsA1 | 5.86 | 10.79 | 1.38 | 7.26 | 1.11 | 0.49 | 1.36 | 0.17 | 0.91 | 0.22 | 0.72 | 0.13 | 0.71 | 0.12 |
std | 0.62 | 1.21 | 0.20 | 0.67 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 |
QsA2 | 6.50 | 12.08 | 1.65 | 6.44 | 1.29 | 0.37 | 1.81 | 0.25 | 1.47 | 0.20 | 0.58 | 0.20 | 0.76 | 0.12 |
std | 0.71 | 1.32 | 0.20 | 0.72 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.01 |
QsA3 | 7.04 | 12.61 | 1.51 | 5.19 | - | 0.38 | 1.36 | 0.22 | 1.41 | 0.31 | 0.45 | 0.08 | 0.71 | 0.19 |
std | 0.66 | 1.32 | 0.21 | 0.65 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.02 | |
QsBl1 | 5.88 | 10.47 | 1.35 | 5.33 | 1.06 | 0.32 | 1.22 | 0.24 | 1.05 | 0.26 | - | 0.28 | 0.92 | 0.15 |
std | 0.64 | 1.21 | 0.16 | 0.48 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.02 | |
QsBl2 | 5.59 | 9.58 | 1.43 | 5.10 | 1.62 | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.20 | 0.98 | 0.20 | 1.33 | - | 1.17 | 0.14 |
std | 0.63 | 1.11 | 0.16 | 0.53 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.02 | |
QsBl3 | 5.49 | 9.06 | 1.20 | 4.86 | 0.98 | 0.29 | 1.51 | 0.11 | 1.39 | 0.21 | 0.39 | 0.14 | 0.66 | 0.07 |
std | 0.57 | 1.20 | 0.20 | 0.52 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.001 |
QsV1 | 6.36 | 10.95 | 1.38 | 5.88 | 1.47 | 0.30 | 0.63 | 0.20 | 0.89 | 0.13 | 0.55 | 0.18 | 0.93 | - |
std | 0.72 | 1.40 | 0.20 | 0.61 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.06 | |
QsV2 | 7.00 | 11.58 | 1.28 | 7.09 | 1.58 | 0.42 | 1.92 | 0.27 | 1.29 | 0.25 | 2.70 | 0.14 | 1.26 | - |
std | 0.80 | 1.60 | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.31 | 0.01 | 0.10 | |
QsV3 | 6.95 | 12.45 | 1.66 | 5.77 | 1.23 | 0.43 | 1.16 | 0.14 | 0.98 | 0.24 | 1.04 | 0.09 | - | 0.13 |
std | 0.72 | 1.32 | 0.20 | 0.62 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
QSV4 | 6.30 | 13.30 | 1.19 | 8.15 | - | - | 1.56 | 0.16 | 1.78 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 1.33 | 0.29 |
std | 0.71 | 1.24 | 0.02 | 0.77 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.03 | ||
QSV5 | 6.81 | 11.78 | 1.36 | 7.82 | 1.82 | 0.36 | 0.94 | 0.06 | 1.67 | 0.15 | 1.17 | 0.34 | 0.91 | 0.56 |
std | 0.64 | 1.24 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.05 |
QSV6 | 6.26 | 11.43 | 1.32 | 4.78 | 3.95 | 0.31 | 1.03 | 0.28 | 1.32 | 0.09 | 0.97 | - | 1.41 | 0.29 |
std | 0.71 | 1.13 | 0.02 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.03 | |
QSV7 | 8.50 | 14.18 | 1.83 | 7.73 | - | 0.73 | - | 0.09 | 2.00 | 0.35 | 0.96 | 1.07 | 3.97 | 0.75 |
std | 0.84 | 1.51 | 0.21 | 0.82 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.08 | ||
QSV8 | 6.71 | 10.69 | 1.08 | 8.14 | 2.77 | 0.96 | - | 0.32 | 1.15 | - | 1.52 | 0.14 | - | - |
std | 0.72 | 1.30 | 0.13 | 0.92 | 0.31 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.02 | ||||
QSV9 | 9.07 | 14.44 | 1.71 | 7.46 | 3.49 | - | 1.97 | 0.38 | 0.88 | - | - | 0.08 | 1.05 | 0.25 |
std | 0.87 | 1.56 | 0.21 | 0.81 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.03 | |||
QSV10 | 6.84 | 11.59 | 1.66 | 5.40 | 3.14 | - | - | 0.33 | 4.07 | 0.35 | 2.53 | 0.51 | - | - |
std | 0.07 | 1.42 | 0.21 | 0.64 | 0.33 | 0.03 | 0.52 | 0.04 | 0.31 | 0.05 | ||||
QsG1 | 6.02 | 10.39 | 1.32 | 5.34 | 1.41 | 0.21 | 0.91 | 0.16 | 1.19 | 0.23 | 0.63 | 0.12 | - | 0.18 |
std | 0.62 | 1.23 | 0.16 | 0.64 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
QsR1 | 6.63 | 13.05 | 1.59 | 7.12 | 0.96 | 0.29 | 1.01 | 0.18 | 1.14 | 0.25 | 0.73 | 0.06 | 0.75 | 0.15 |
std | 0.71 | 1.52 | 0.2 | 0.83 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.2 | 0.03 | 0.082 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.02 |
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Fiorenza, E.; Rovella, N.; D’Andrea, M.; Musella, M.; Sudano, F.; Taliano Grasso, A.; Barca, D. Vitreous Tesserae from the Four Seasons Mosaic of the S. Aloe Quarter in Vibo Valentia–Calabria, Italy: A Chemical Characterization. Minerals 2020, 10, 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080658
Fiorenza E, Rovella N, D’Andrea M, Musella M, Sudano F, Taliano Grasso A, Barca D. Vitreous Tesserae from the Four Seasons Mosaic of the S. Aloe Quarter in Vibo Valentia–Calabria, Italy: A Chemical Characterization. Minerals. 2020; 10(8):658. https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080658
Chicago/Turabian StyleFiorenza, Elia, Natalia Rovella, Maria D’Andrea, Marianna Musella, Fabrizio Sudano, Armando Taliano Grasso, and Donatella Barca. 2020. "Vitreous Tesserae from the Four Seasons Mosaic of the S. Aloe Quarter in Vibo Valentia–Calabria, Italy: A Chemical Characterization" Minerals 10, no. 8: 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080658
APA StyleFiorenza, E., Rovella, N., D’Andrea, M., Musella, M., Sudano, F., Taliano Grasso, A., & Barca, D. (2020). Vitreous Tesserae from the Four Seasons Mosaic of the S. Aloe Quarter in Vibo Valentia–Calabria, Italy: A Chemical Characterization. Minerals, 10(8), 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080658