Effects of Hierarchical City Centers on the Intensity and Direction of Urban Land Expansion: A Case Study of Beijing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Background and Analytical Framework
3. Research Area, Data, and Methods
3.1. Research Area
3.2. Data
3.3. Methods
3.3.1. Analysis of Multi-Ring Buffer Zones
3.3.2. Urban Land Expansion Intensity
3.3.3. Urban Land Expansion Direction
4. Results
4.1. Administrative Centers and Intensity of Urban Land Expansion
4.1.1. Effect of Municipal Center
4.1.2. Effect of District or County Centers
4.2. Administrative Centers and the Direction of Urban Land Expansion
4.3. Expansion Mode of Urban Land in the Suburb of Mega-Cities
5. Conclusions and Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | 1996 | 2003 | 2010 |
---|---|---|---|
Construction land area (km2) | 1993.7 | 2507.5 | 3080.4 |
Share of total land area (%) | 12.2% | 15.3% | 18.8% |
Buffer Regions | Area (km2) | Urban Land Area (km2) | Growth (km2) | Growth Rate (%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1996 | 2003 | 2010 | 1996–2003 | 2003–2010 | 1996–2010 | 1996–2003 | 2003–2010 | 1996–2010 | ||
0–10 km | 314.2 | 263.9 | 280.4 | 300.9 | 16.5 | 20.5 | 37.0 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 14.0 |
10–20 km | 942.5 | 367.0 | 497.8 | 702.3 | 130.8 | 204.5 | 335.3 | 35.6 | 41.1 | 91.4 |
20–30 km | 1570.8 | 346.1 | 485.9 | 696.8 | 139.8 | 210.9 | 350.7 | 40.4 | 43.4 | 101.3 |
30–40 km | 2010.9 | 338.4 | 437.5 | 493.8 | 99.1 | 56.3 | 155.4 | 29.3 | 12.9 | 45.9 |
40–50 km | 2028.3 | 276.0 | 316.8 | 329.2 | 40.8 | 12.4 | 53.2 | 14.8 | 3.9 | 19.3 |
50–60 km | 1893.5 | 124.9 | 149.2 | 162.7 | 24.3 | 13.5 | 37.8 | 19.5 | 9.0 | 30.3 |
60–70 km | 2017.8 | 137.2 | 166.3 | 195.3 | 29.1 | 29.0 | 58.1 | 21.2 | 17.4 | 42.3 |
70–80 km | 1998.5 | 86.6 | 105.5 | 120.5 | 18.9 | 15.0 | 33.9 | 21.8 | 14.2 | 39.1 |
80–90 km | 1566.3 | 26.2 | 31.5 | 37.2 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 11.0 | 20.2 | 18.1 | 42.0 |
90–100 km | 898.0 | 13.9 | 21.4 | 24.5 | 7.5 | 3.1 | 10.6 | 54.0 | 14.5 | 76.3 |
100–110 km | 690.9 | 9.1 | 10.7 | 12.2 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 17.6 | 14.0 | 34.1 |
110–120 km | 377.2 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 10.5 |
120–130 km | 92.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
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Huang, D.; Tan, X.; Liu, T.; Chu, E.; Kong, F. Effects of Hierarchical City Centers on the Intensity and Direction of Urban Land Expansion: A Case Study of Beijing. Land 2020, 9, 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9090312
Huang D, Tan X, Liu T, Chu E, Kong F. Effects of Hierarchical City Centers on the Intensity and Direction of Urban Land Expansion: A Case Study of Beijing. Land. 2020; 9(9):312. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9090312
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Daquan, Xin Tan, Tao Liu, Erxuan Chu, and Fanhao Kong. 2020. "Effects of Hierarchical City Centers on the Intensity and Direction of Urban Land Expansion: A Case Study of Beijing" Land 9, no. 9: 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9090312