The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Population in the Yangtze River Delta, China: An Urban Hierarchy Perspective
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology and Materials
2.1. Study Area and Data Collection
2.2. Theoretical Framework
2.3. Methodology
3. Results and Analysis
3.1. Patterns of Population Dynamics
3.1.1. Temporal Evolution of Population across Hierarchies
3.1.2. Spatial Evolution of Population
3.2. Influencing Factors of Population Dynamics
3.2.1. Economic Amenity
3.2.2. Social Amenity
3.2.3. Natural Amenity
4. Discussion and Conclusions
4.1. Discussion
4.2. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type | Variables | Description | Data Sources |
---|---|---|---|
Economic amenity | GDP | Gross domestic product (CNY 100 million) | China City Statistical Yearbook and China County Statistical Yearbook |
employ | Number of employees (persons) | Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook 1991–2021 | |
livexp | Consumption expenditure of residents (CNY) | City and District Statistical Yearbook 1991–2021 | |
hp | Average house price (CNY) | Python from anjuke.com | |
Social amenity | bed | Number of beds in hospitals (unit) | China City Statistical Yearbook and China County Statistical Yearbook |
edu | Education expenditure(CNY 10,000) | Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook 1991–2021 | |
FDI | Foreign direct investment (USD 100 million) | China City Statistical Yearbook and China County Statistical Yearbook | |
inter | Number of Internet users (household) | Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook 1991–2021 | |
Natural amenity | pm2.5 | Mean annual value of PM2.5 (μg/m3) | Estimated by Macrodata.com |
green | Public green space (hectare) | Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook 1991–2021 |
Variables | 1990–2000 | 2000–2010 | 2010–2020 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Growth | Total | Growth | Total | Growth | ||
Economic amenity | GDP | 0.412 *** | 0.379 *** | 0.121 *** | 0.12 *** | 0.147 *** | 0.068 *** |
employ | 0.216 *** | 0.336 *** | 0.091 *** | 0.101 *** | 0.099 *** | 0.368 *** | |
livexp | −0.083 ** | 0.065 | −0.005 | 0.069 *** | 0.004 | 0.075 | |
hp | 0.076 *** | 0.049 | 0.047 *** | 0.027 *** | 0.056 *** | 0.036 | |
Social amenity | bed | 0.186 *** | 0.12 | 0.138 *** | 0.122 *** | 0.127 *** | 0.067 ** |
edu | 0.101 *** | −0.055 | 0.146 *** | 0.089 *** | 0.146 *** | 0.046 *** | |
FDI | −0.087 * | −0.155 | 0.087 *** | 0.213 *** | 0.021 * | 0.023 | |
inter | −0.105 | −0.024 | 0.12 *** | 0.021 ** | 0.151 *** | 0.11 *** | |
Natural amenity | pm2.5 | 0.102 *** | 0.081 | 0.065 *** | −0.021 | 0.047 *** | −0.068 |
green | −0.045 | −0.106 | 0.148 *** | 0.174 *** | 0.168 *** | 0.096 *** | |
Control | rank | 0.331 | 0.829 | 1.642 *** | 0.186 | 2.211 *** | −1.099 ** |
Constant term | −0.02 | −0.073 | −0.018 | −0.034 | −0.027 | −0.017 | |
Observation count | 233 | 213 | 193 | ||||
Adjusted R2 | 0.837 | 0.395 | 0.975 | 0.939 | 0.991 | 0.812 | |
F value | 19.861 | 3.396 | 315.579 | 125.786 | 534.671 | 22.787 |
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Tang, Y.; Gao, J.; Chen, W. The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Population in the Yangtze River Delta, China: An Urban Hierarchy Perspective. Land 2022, 11, 1764. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101764
Tang Y, Gao J, Chen W. The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Population in the Yangtze River Delta, China: An Urban Hierarchy Perspective. Land. 2022; 11(10):1764. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101764
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang, Yanting, Jinlong Gao, and Wen Chen. 2022. "The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Population in the Yangtze River Delta, China: An Urban Hierarchy Perspective" Land 11, no. 10: 1764. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101764
APA StyleTang, Y., Gao, J., & Chen, W. (2022). The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Population in the Yangtze River Delta, China: An Urban Hierarchy Perspective. Land, 11(10), 1764. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101764