Assessment and Prediction of the Collaborative Governance of the Water Resources, Water Conservancy Facilities, and Socio-Economic System in the Xiangjiang River Basin, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Framework
2.1. The Composition of the WCS System
- The uneven distribution of the natural water volume and productivity over time and space is a significant issue that worsens regional socio-economic development. The construction of transitional water-conservancy connectors is inadequate in addressing this problem, leading to insufficient regulation in controlling regional water resources. This, in turn, causes a shortfall in meeting domestic water demands [18];
- The discharge of pollutants resulting from the utilization of water resources for so-cio-economic development casts a shadow on the ecological health of the water envi-ronment.
2.1.1. The Evolutionary Logic Analysis of the Governance Synergy of the WCS System
2.1.2. The Change Process of the WCS System’s Governance Synergy
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Study Area
3.2. Data Sources
3.3. Variable Selection and Descriptive Statistics
3.4. Methods
3.4.1. Evaluation of the Existing Governance Synergy
- Subsystem Order Degree
- 2.
- Subsystem Governance Synergy Degree
3.4.2. Prediction of the Future Governance Synergy
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. The Evaluation of the Existing Governance Synergy
4.1.1. Results of Subsystem Order Degree
4.1.2. The Contributions of Indicators to the Order of Subsystems
4.1.3. WCS System’s Governance Synergy Degree
4.1.4. The Governance Synergy Degrees of the Upstream, Midstream, and Downstream Regions of the Xiangjiang River Basin
4.2. Prediction of Future Governance-Synergy in the WCS System of the Xiangjiang River Basin
5. Conclusions and Recommendation
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Subsystems | Indicators | Description | Mean | SD | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Natural water subsystem | Average annual rainfall | Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 0.444 | 0.188 |
Water resource per capita | Per capita water resources (m3/person) | 0.421 | 0.202 | ||
Total water resource | The total water resources (100 million m3) | 0.441 | 0.200 | ||
2 | Water Conservancy Facilities Subsystem | Water conservancy construction investment in agriculture and forestry | Investment in agriculture, forestry and water conservancy (CNY 10,000) | 0.454 | 0.349 |
Number of reservoir | Reservoir seat number/individual entries | 0.843 | 0.112 | ||
Reservoir storage capacity | Year-end storage capacity (ten thousand m3) | 0.528 | 0.289 | ||
Length of embankments | Length of embankments (km) | 0.383 | 0.449 | ||
Effective irrigated area of farmland | Effective irrigated area of farmland (10,000 hm2) | 0.477 | 0.392 | ||
3 | Water resource development and utilization subsystem | Water consumption (GDP) | GDP water utilization CNY 10,000 (m3) | 0.678 | 0.346 |
Industrial added value water | Industrial added value water in CNY 10,000 (m3/t) | 0.729 | 0.267 | ||
Water consumption per unit of grain yield | Per capita water use (m3) | 0.642 | 0.318 | ||
Comprehensive water consumption per capita | Total supply of water (hundred million m3) | 0.571 | 0.189 | ||
Total water supply | CNY 10,000 of industrial added value water (m3) | 0.482 | 0.234 | ||
Water utilization rate | Utilization rate of water resources (%) | 0.375 | 0.186 | ||
4 | Ecological Environment subsystem | Green coverage area | Green coverage area (hm2) | 0.494 | 0.335 |
Sewage discharge | Quantity of waste water effluent (10,000 m3) | 0.417 | 0.273 | ||
Sewage treatment rate | Treatment rate of domestic sewage (%) | 0.561 | 0.372 | ||
5 | Socio-economic Subsystem | Water quality compliance rate | Water quality standard rate of water functional area (%) | 0.676 | 0.260 |
Food production | grain output/t | 0.667 | 0.280 | ||
Per capita disposable income | Per capita disposable income (CNY) | 0.417 | 0.361 | ||
Gross regional product | Gross regional domestic product (CNY 10,000) | 0.556 | 0.297 | ||
Regional fiscal revenue | Regional revenue (CNY 10,000) | 0.476 | 0.386 |
Order Parameter | 2000 | 2003 | 2006 | 2009 | 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | 2019 | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.473 | 0.160 | 0.413 | 0.252 | 0.725 | 0.662 | 0.299 | 0.571 | 0.444 | |
0.490 | 0.377 | 0.518 | 0.136 | 0.615 | 0.552 | 0.055 | 0.623 | 0.421 | |
0.454 | 0.376 | 0.527 | 0.163 | 0.624 | 0.599 | 0.102 | 0.680 | 0.441 | |
0.012 | 0.093 | 0.325 | 0.194 | 0.392 | 0.715 | 0.909 | 0.990 | 0.454 | |
0.719 | 0.729 | 0.739 | 0.740 | 0.958 | 0.961 | 0.962 | 0.939 | 0.843 | |
0.646 | 0.650 | 0.689 | 0.691 | 0.988 | 0.072 | 0.195 | 0.290 | 0.528 | |
0.003 | 0.026 | 0.031 | 0.053 | 0.068 | 0.926 | 0.974 | 0.987 | 0.383 | |
0.056 | 0.054 | 0.085 | 0.163 | 0.759 | 0.820 | 0.932 | 0.946 | 0.477 | |
0.069 | 0.207 | 0.521 | 0.775 | 0.916 | 0.964 | 0.979 | 0.999 | 0.678 | |
0.463 | 0.233 | 0.547 | 0.746 | 0.908 | 0.960 | 0.999 | 0.980 | 0.729 | |
0.186 | 0.038 | 0.717 | 0.812 | 0.979 | 0.895 | 0.759 | 0.752 | 0.642 | |
0.165 | 0.449 | 0.511 | 0.703 | 0.594 | 0.631 | 0.691 | 0.826 | 0.571 | |
0.220 | 0.135 | 0.415 | 0.400 | 0.432 | 0.707 | 0.858 | 0.687 | 0.482 | |
0.242 | 0.361 | 0.275 | 0.652 | 0.203 | 0.276 | 0.724 | 0.268 | 0.375 | |
0.606 | 0.061 | 0.055 | 0.274 | 0.423 | 0.607 | 0.943 | 0.982 | 0.494 | |
0.381 | 0.997 | 0.443 | 0.521 | 0.461 | 0.388 | 0.134 | 0.013 | 0.417 | |
0.105 | 0.086 | 0.176 | 0.478 | 0.771 | 0.909 | 0.976 | 0.986 | 0.561 | |
0.632 | 0.811 | 0.876 | 0.578 | 0.744 | 0.051 | 0.797 | 0.921 | 0.676 | |
0.505 | 0.037 | 0.842 | 0.890 | 0.864 | 0.954 | 0.641 | 0.602 | 0.667 | |
0.002 | 0.037 | 0.107 | 0.238 | 0.444 | 0.629 | 0.892 | 0.989 | 0.417 | |
0.154 | 0.204 | 0.290 | 0.624 | 0.545 | 0.722 | 0.916 | 0.990 | 0.556 | |
0.001 | 0.028 | 0.072 | 0.408 | 0.554 | 0.826 | 0.933 | 0.990 | 0.476 |
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Wen, J.; Li, H.; Meseretchanie, A. Assessment and Prediction of the Collaborative Governance of the Water Resources, Water Conservancy Facilities, and Socio-Economic System in the Xiangjiang River Basin, China. Water 2023, 15, 3630. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203630
Wen J, Li H, Meseretchanie A. Assessment and Prediction of the Collaborative Governance of the Water Resources, Water Conservancy Facilities, and Socio-Economic System in the Xiangjiang River Basin, China. Water. 2023; 15(20):3630. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203630
Chicago/Turabian StyleWen, Jie, Hongmei Li, and Abate Meseretchanie. 2023. "Assessment and Prediction of the Collaborative Governance of the Water Resources, Water Conservancy Facilities, and Socio-Economic System in the Xiangjiang River Basin, China" Water 15, no. 20: 3630. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203630