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Review

Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Real-Field Dam-Break Flows: Review and Recent Advances

by
Andrea Maranzoni
1,* and
Massimo Tomirotti
2
1
Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
2
Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2023, 15(17), 3130; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173130
Submission received: 22 June 2023 / Revised: 25 August 2023 / Accepted: 27 August 2023 / Published: 31 August 2023

Abstract

Numerical modelling is a valuable and effective tool for predicting the dynamics of the inundation caused by the failure of a dam or dyke, thereby assisting in mapping the areas potentially subject to flooding and evaluating the associated flood hazard. This paper systematically reviews literature studies adopting three-dimensional hydrodynamic models for the simulation of large-scale dam-break flooding on irregular real-world topography. Governing equations and numerical methods are analysed, as well as recent advances in numerical techniques, modelling accuracy, and computational efficiency. The dam-break case studies used for model validation are highlighted. The advantages and limitations of the three-dimensional dam-break models are compared with those of the commonly used two-dimensional depth-averaged ones. This review mainly aims at informing researchers and modellers interested in numerical modelling of dam-break flow over real-world topography on recent advances and developments in three-dimensional hydrodynamic models so that they can better direct their future research. Practitioners can find in this review an overview of available three-dimensional codes (research, commercial, freeware, and open-source) and indications for choosing the most suitable numerical method for the application of interest.
Keywords: dam break; flooding; numerical modelling; real-world topography; review; three-dimensional models dam break; flooding; numerical modelling; real-world topography; review; three-dimensional models

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MDPI and ACS Style

Maranzoni, A.; Tomirotti, M. Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Real-Field Dam-Break Flows: Review and Recent Advances. Water 2023, 15, 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173130

AMA Style

Maranzoni A, Tomirotti M. Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Real-Field Dam-Break Flows: Review and Recent Advances. Water. 2023; 15(17):3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173130

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maranzoni, Andrea, and Massimo Tomirotti. 2023. "Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Real-Field Dam-Break Flows: Review and Recent Advances" Water 15, no. 17: 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173130

APA Style

Maranzoni, A., & Tomirotti, M. (2023). Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Real-Field Dam-Break Flows: Review and Recent Advances. Water, 15(17), 3130. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173130

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