Monitoring Analysis of a Deep Foundation Pit with Water Supported by Cast-in-Place Pile and Internal Bracing in a Soft Soil Area of Fuzhou
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Project Overview
2.1. Site Overview
2.2. Geotechnical Conditions
2.3. Hydrogeological Conditions
3. Design Scheme of Foundation Pit Support and Construction Stage of Foundation Pit
3.1. Form of Enclosure Structure
3.2. Foundation Pit Precipitation and Drainage
3.3. Construction Stage of Foundation Pit
4. Analysis of Site Monitoring Data
4.1. Monitoring of the Deep Horizontal Displacement of the Enclosure Pile
4.2. Monitoring of the Horizontal Displacement at the Top of the Foundation Pit
4.3. Monitoring of the Settlement at the Top of the Foundation Pit
4.4. Monitoring of the Axial Force of the Internal Bracing
4.5. Monitoring of the Axial Force of the Enclosure Pile
4.6. Monitoring of the Settlement of the Column
4.7. Monitoring of the Groundwater Level
4.8. Monitoring of the Layered Settlement of the Soil
4.9. Monitoring of the Settlement of the Surrounding Buildings
4.10. Monitoring of the Horizontal Displacement of the Surrounding Buildings
4.11. Monitoring of Tilt of the Surrounding Buildings
4.12. Monitoring of Settlement of the Surrounding Surface and Underground Pipelines
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Soil Layer | Name of Soil Layer | Status | Thickness (m) | Natural Heavy γ/(kN/m3) | Cohesion c/(kPa) | Internal Friction Angle φ/(°) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-1 | Miscellaneous fill | Slightly denser | 1.50 to 8.30 | 18.0 | 8.0 | 14.0 |
1-2 | Mucky fill | Flow plastic | 1.20 to 5.30 | 17.0 | 10.5 | 11.0 |
2 | Silt sand mixed with muck | Slightly denser to medium density | 3.90 to 11.0 | 18.0 | 3.0 | 21.0 |
3 | Muck mixed with sand | Flow plastic | 1.60 to 8.20 | 16.2 | 8.9 | 10.5 |
4 | Silt sand mixed with muck | Medium density | 2.70 to 11.3 | 18.2 | 5.0 | 23.0 |
5 | Muck mixed with sand | Flow plastic | 1.80 to 9.0 | 16.6 | 11.0 | 11.0 |
6 | Silt sand mixed with muck | Medium density to dense | 5.90 to 9.85 | 18.4 | 5.0 | 26.0 |
7 | Mucky soil mixed with sand | Flow plastic | 1.52 to 3.87 | 16.9 | 12.0 | 13.0 |
8 | Silty sand | Medium density to dense | 2.60 to 10.0 | 18.6 | 3.0 | 30.0 |
9 | Silty sand | dense | 0.50 to 9.80 | 18.7 | 3.0 | 33.0 |
10 | Pebble | Medium density | 4.29 to 5.80 | 21.0 | 0 | 38.0 |
Time (Months) | Construction Stage |
---|---|
0–2.5 | Cast-in-place pile construction |
2.5–3 | The first internal bracing construction |
3–4 | Earthwork excavation |
4–4.5 | The second internal bracing construction |
4.5–5 | Earthwork excavation |
5–5.5 | The third internal bracing construction |
5.5–6 | Earthwork excavation |
6–6.5 | Platform construction |
6.5–7 | Bottom plate construction |
7–12 | Shear wall construction |
Monitoring Content | Monitoring Methods | Instrument Name | Number of Monitoring Points |
---|---|---|---|
Deep horizontal displacement of enclosure pile | Level survey (2nd class) | Su Yiguang DSZ2 automatic leveling level and FS1 micrometer | 9 |
Horizontal displacement at the top of the foundation pit | Small angle method (Theodolite) | Su Yiguang DT302L electronic theodolite | 13 |
Settlement at the top of the foundation pit | Inclinometer | American SINCO digital sliding inclinometer | 13 |
The axial force of internal bracing | Rebar stress gauges | Jinyuan civil engineering CTY-202 frequency meter | 6 |
The axial force of the enclosure pile | Rebar stress gauges | Jinyuan civil engineering CTY-202 frequency meter | 4 |
Settlement of the column | Level survey (2nd class) | Su Yiguang DSZ2 automatic leveling level and FS1 micrometer | 28 |
Groundwater level | Water level meter | Jinyuan civil engineering SJ-92 water level gauge | 6 |
Layered settlement of soil | Level survey (2nd class) | Su Yiguang DSZ2 automatic leveling level and FS1 micrometer | 3 |
Settlement of surrounding buildings | Small angle method (Theodolite) | Su Yiguang DT302L electronic theodolite | 19 |
Horizontal displacement of surrounding buildings | Point Casting Method (Theodolite) | Su Yiguang DT302L electronic theodolite | 19 |
The tilt of surrounding buildings | Level survey (2nd class) | Su Yiguang DSZ2 automatic leveling level and FS1 micrometer | 8 |
Settlement of surrounding surface and underground pipelines | Level survey (2nd class) and Stratified sedimentation meter | Su Yiguang DSZ2 automatic leveling level, FS1 micrometer, and Wuhan foundation deep stratified sedimentation meter | 9 |
Monitoring Point | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 | C7 | C8 | C9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maximum horizontal displacement (mm) | 13.36 | 6.78 | 40.96 | 41.40 | 37.70 | 44.22 | 46.52 | 52.60 | 36.22 |
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Tu, B.; Zheng, J.; Shen, M.; Ni, W. Monitoring Analysis of a Deep Foundation Pit with Water Supported by Cast-in-Place Pile and Internal Bracing in a Soft Soil Area of Fuzhou. Water 2023, 15, 3008. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15163008
Tu B, Zheng J, Shen M, Ni W. Monitoring Analysis of a Deep Foundation Pit with Water Supported by Cast-in-Place Pile and Internal Bracing in a Soft Soil Area of Fuzhou. Water. 2023; 15(16):3008. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15163008
Chicago/Turabian StyleTu, Bingxiong, Jinhuo Zheng, Minglong Shen, and Weilong Ni. 2023. "Monitoring Analysis of a Deep Foundation Pit with Water Supported by Cast-in-Place Pile and Internal Bracing in a Soft Soil Area of Fuzhou" Water 15, no. 16: 3008. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15163008