Recent Changes in Composition and Distribution Patterns of Summer Mesozooplankton off the Western Antarctic Peninsula
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Dynamics of Environmental Conditions
3.2. Composition and Distribution Patterns of Mesozooplankton Abundance and Biomass
3.3. Dynamics of Copepod Community
3.4. Vertical Distribution Patterns of Mesozooplankton Abundance
3.5. Effects of Environmental Variables on Distribution of Summer Mesozooplankton
3.6. Mesozooplankton Community Structure
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Study Region | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
BS | AS | WS | SOI | |
50 m S | 34.46 ± 0.14 | 34.49 ± 0.07 | 34.27 ± 0.15 | 34.32 ± 0.08 |
200 m S | 34.56 ± 0.07 | 34.53 ± 0.04 | 34.60 ± 0.07 | 34.59 ± 0.04 |
500 m S | 34.62 ± 0.08 | 34.54 ± 0.03 | 34.70 ± 0.09 | 34.74 ± 0.01 |
50 m T | 0.53 ± 0.61 | −0.25 ± 0.14 | 0.47 ± 0.63 | 1.35 ± 0.41 |
200 m T | −0.11 ± 0.55 | −0.41 ± 0.07 | −0.77 ± 0.72 | −0.37 ± 0.33 |
500 m T | −0.28 ± 0.68 | −0.63 ± 0.37 | −0.10 ± 0.91 | 0.27 ± 0.19 |
50 m O2 | 10.49 ± 0.25 | 10.76 ± 0.01 | 10.50 ± 0.19 | 10.46 ± 0.16 |
200 m O2 | 8.75 ± 0.95 | 10.41 ± 0.12 | 8.17 ± 1.08 | 8.15 ± 0.75 |
500 m O2 | 8.12 ± 0.90 | 9.74 ± 0.59 | 7.09 ± 0.9 | 6.63 ± 0.29 |
50 m Chl a | 0.65 ± 0.26 | 1.17 ± 0.09 | 1.38 ± 1.82 | 1.15 ± 1.1 |
200 m Chl a | 0.12 ± 0.14 | 0.44 ± 0.14 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 0.06 ± 0.01 |
500 m Chl a | 0.07 ± 0.08 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.01 |
Number of Variables | Correlation Coefficient | Selections |
---|---|---|
2 | 0.400 | 500 m S, 500 m Chl a |
3 | 0.385 | 500 m S, 50 m Chl a, 500 m Chl a |
3 | 0.361 | 500 m S, 200 m T, 500 m Chl a |
3 | 0.353 | 500 m S, 50 m S, 500 m Chl a |
50 m T | 50 m S | 50 m O2 | 50 m Chl a | 200 m T | 200 m S | 200 m O2 | 200 m Chl a | 500 m T | 500 m S | 500 m O2 | 500 m Chl a | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abn Meso | 0.38 | −0.16 | −0.20 | 0.05 | −0.06 | 0.35 | −0.13 | −0.23 | 0.11 | 0.40 | −0.24 | −0.46 |
Bm Meso | 0.37 | −0.28 | −0.24 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.31 | −0.27 | −0.34 | 0.21 | 0.50 | −0.31 | −0.41 |
Abn Cop | 0.29 | 0.08 | −0.21 | −0.19 | 0.00 | 0.26 | −0.13 | −0.23 | −0.10 | 0.21 | −0.12 | −0.43 |
Bm Cop | 0.14 | −0.07 | −0.32 | −0.10 | −0.02 | 0.18 | −0.21 | −0.25 | 0.11 | 0.38 | −0.29 | −0.29 |
Abn Euph | 0.08 | −0.36 | −0.03 | 0.12 | −0.39 | 0.34 | −0.09 | −0.02 | 0.21 | 0.44 | −0.28 | −0.14 |
Bm Euph | 0.17 | −0.26 | 0.02 | 0.40 | −0.26 | 0.36 | −0.17 | −0.07 | 0.27 | 0.49 | −0.33 | −0.15 |
Taxa | OSAP | ISAP | OSAP vs. ISAP | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | SIM/SD | Contr, % | N | SIM/SD | Contr, % | DISS/SD | Contr, % | Cum, % | |
Similarity: 68.78 | Similarity: 64.81 | Dissimilarity: 41.82 | |||||||
E. superba calyptopis | 5.58 | 9.42 | 14.81 | 1.33 | 2.84 | 12.48 | 12.48 | ||
E. superba furcilia | 4.73 | 1.73 | 9.91 | 0.77 | 1.82 | 11.89 | 24.37 | ||
E. superba eggs | 4.08 | 0.92 | 6.82 | 1.33 | 1.43 | 10.30 | 34.67 | ||
Calanus propinquus | 3.42 | 2.04 | 6.89 | 1.67 | 3.24 | 6.45 | 1.13 | 5.57 | 40.24 |
Calanoides acutus | 4.93 | 6.74 | 12.45 | 3.39 | 4.56 | 14.67 | 1.31 | 4.62 | 44.86 |
Rhincalanus gigas | 2.19 | 1.64 | 1.81 | 5.18 | 1.28 | 4.32 | 49.18 | ||
Cirripedia | 0.79 | 1.45 | 1.20 | 4.21 | 53.39 | ||||
Polychaeta | 2.08 | 1.05 | 0.85 | 4.02 | 57.42 | ||||
Metridia gerlachei | 3.63 | 8.77 | 9.41 | 4.22 | 3.30 | 15.77 | 1.45 | 3.95 | 61.37 |
Oncea spp. | 1.00 | 0.53 | 0.92 | 3.54 | 64.91 | ||||
Ostracoda | 3.00 | 3.78 | 7.13 | 2.38 | 1.98 | 8.46 | 1.10 | 3.26 | 68.17 |
Calanus simillimus | 1.03 | 1.25 | 1.28 | 2.99 | 71.15 | ||||
Oithona spp. | 5.08 | 11.43 | 13.95 | 5.42 | 5.48 | 22.66 | 1.51 | 2.90 | 74.06 |
Metridia spp. | 0.88 | 0.22 | 0.69 | 2.81 | 76.87 | ||||
Salpa thompsoni | 0.96 | 0.74 | 1.27 | 2.63 | 82.01 |
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Kasyan, V.V. Recent Changes in Composition and Distribution Patterns of Summer Mesozooplankton off the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Water 2023, 15, 1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15101948
Kasyan VV. Recent Changes in Composition and Distribution Patterns of Summer Mesozooplankton off the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Water. 2023; 15(10):1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15101948
Chicago/Turabian StyleKasyan, Valentina V. 2023. "Recent Changes in Composition and Distribution Patterns of Summer Mesozooplankton off the Western Antarctic Peninsula" Water 15, no. 10: 1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15101948
APA StyleKasyan, V. V. (2023). Recent Changes in Composition and Distribution Patterns of Summer Mesozooplankton off the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Water, 15(10), 1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15101948