Inferring Population Structure from Early Life Stage: The Case of the European Anchovy in the Sicilian and Maltese Shelves
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling Area
2.2. Larval Sampling
2.3. Morphometric Analysis
2.4. Age Determination
2.5. Growth Rate Estimation
2.6. Larval Amino Acid Composition
2.7. Larval Organic Content
3. Results
3.1. Oceanographic Conditions and Larval Density
3.2. Morphometry
3.3. Larval Growth
3.4. Biochemical Composition of Larvae
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Temperature (°C) | Salinity (°/oo) | Fluorescence | |
---|---|---|---|
Area1 | 18.80 (±2.74) a | 37.69 (±0.16) | 0.034 (±0.008) |
Area2 | 19.20 (±0.88) a | 37.64 (±0.12) | 0.028 (±0.005) |
Area3 | 21.89 (±1.67) b | 37.64 (±0.23) | 0.026 (±0.005) |
Area4 | 22.26 (±0.67) b | 38.17 (±0.25) | 0.034 (±0.004) |
Area5 | 22.58 (±1.45) b | 37.52 (±0.14) | 0.028 (±0.004) |
Malta | 24.49 (±0.31) c | 37.60 (±0.02) | 0.033 (±0.009) |
Zone2 | Zone3 | Zone4 | Zone5 | Malta | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AL | HL | BD | ED | AL | HL | BD | ED | AL | HL | BD | ED | AL | HL | BD | ED | AL | HL | BD | ED | |
Zone1 | - | - | - | - | ? | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | * | - | - | - | - |
Zone2 | * | - | * | * | - | - | * | * | * | - | - | - | ? | ? | * | - | ||||
Zone3 | - | - | - | - | ? | ? | * | * | * | - | - | * | ||||||||
Zone4 | - | - | * | * | - | - | - | * | ||||||||||||
Zone5 | * | * | * | * |
Number of Larvae Classified into Estimated Groups | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Malta | % Correctly Classified | |
Number of larvae classified into observed areas | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 0 |
2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 7.69 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 0 | 21 | 24 | 51.62 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
5 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 72 | 29 | 60.5 | |
Malta | 0 | 1 | 18 | 0 | 26 | 73 | 61.86 |
Number of Larvae Classified into Estimated Groups | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Malta | % Correctly Classified | |
Number of larvae classified into observed areas | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 16.67 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
3 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 38.46 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 2 | 95.12 | |
Malta | 2 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 35.3 |
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Cuttitta, A.; Patti, B.; Musco, M.; Masullo, T.; Placenti, F.; Quinci, E.M.; Falco, F.; Bennici, C.D.; Di Natale, M.; Pipitone, V.; et al. Inferring Population Structure from Early Life Stage: The Case of the European Anchovy in the Sicilian and Maltese Shelves. Water 2022, 14, 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091427
Cuttitta A, Patti B, Musco M, Masullo T, Placenti F, Quinci EM, Falco F, Bennici CD, Di Natale M, Pipitone V, et al. Inferring Population Structure from Early Life Stage: The Case of the European Anchovy in the Sicilian and Maltese Shelves. Water. 2022; 14(9):1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091427
Chicago/Turabian StyleCuttitta, Angela, Bernardo Patti, Marianna Musco, Tiziana Masullo, Francesco Placenti, Enza Maria Quinci, Francesca Falco, Carmelo Daniele Bennici, Marilena Di Natale, Vito Pipitone, and et al. 2022. "Inferring Population Structure from Early Life Stage: The Case of the European Anchovy in the Sicilian and Maltese Shelves" Water 14, no. 9: 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091427
APA StyleCuttitta, A., Patti, B., Musco, M., Masullo, T., Placenti, F., Quinci, E. M., Falco, F., Bennici, C. D., Di Natale, M., Pipitone, V., Cammarata, M., Maneiro, I., Russo, S., & Torri, M. (2022). Inferring Population Structure from Early Life Stage: The Case of the European Anchovy in the Sicilian and Maltese Shelves. Water, 14(9), 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091427