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Article

Moroccan Lagoon Microbiomes

by
Bouchra Chaouni
1,2,3,
Abdellah Idrissi Azami
3,
Soumaya Essayeh
4,
El Houcine Arrafiqui
4,
Abdelhakim Bailal
4,
Sanae Raoui
5,
Saaïd Amzazi
5,
Alan Twaddle
6,
Chahrazade El Hamouti
7,
Noureddine Boukhatem
7,
Mohammed Timinouni
8,
Fatima El Otmani
9,
Rajaa Chahboune
10,
Said Barrijal
11,
Abdellatif El Homani
12,
Chakib Nejjari
3,
El Houssine Zaid
1,
Noureddine Hamamouch
1,
Fadil Bakkali
3,
Linda Amaral-Zettler
2,13,† and
Hassan Ghazal
3,14,*add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
Laboratory of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco
2
Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
3
Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca 82403, Morocco
4
Polydisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohammed Premier University, Nador 62702, Morocco
5
Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco
6
Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
7
Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco
8
Laboratory of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca 20250, Morocco
9
Microbiology, Health and Environment Team Research, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
10
Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93002, Morocco
11
Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tangier 93000, Morocco
12
School of Medicine, Avalon University, Youngstown, OH 44505, USA
13
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
14
National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Angle Avenues des FAR et Allal El Fassi, Hay Ryad, Rabat 10102, Morocco
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current address: Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands.
Academic Editor: Michele Mistri
Water 2022, 14(11), 1715; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111715
Received: 28 March 2022 / Revised: 29 April 2022 / Accepted: 3 May 2022 / Published: 27 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems)
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Abstract

Lagoons are fragile marine ecosystems that are considerably affected by anthropogenic pollutants. We performed a spatiotemporal characterization of the microbiome of two Moroccan lagoons, Marchica and Oualidia, both classified as Ramsar sites, the former on the Mediterranean coast and the latter on the Atlantic coast. We investigated their microbial diversity and abundance using 16S rRNA amplicon- and shotgun-based metagenomics approaches during the summers of 2014 and 2015. The bacterial microbiome was composed primarily of Proteobacteria (25–53%, 29–29%), Cyanobacteria (34–12%, 11–0.53%), Bacteroidetes (24–16%, 23–43%), Actinobacteria (7–11%, 13–7%), and Verrucomicrobia (4–1%, 15–14%) in Marchica and Oualidia in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Interestingly, 48 strains were newly reported in lagoon ecosystems, while eight unknown viruses were detected in Mediterranean Marchica only. Statistical analysis showed higher microbial diversity in the Atlantic lagoon than in the Mediterranean lagoon and a robust relationship between alpha diversity and geographic sampling locations. This first-ever metagenomics study on Moroccan aquatic ecosystems enriched the national catalog of marine microorganisms. They will be investigated as candidates for bioindication properties, biomonitoring potential, biotechnology valorization, biodiversity protection, and lagoon health assessment. View Full-Text
Keywords: metagenomics; marine microbiome; Moroccan lagoons; biodiversity; bioindicators metagenomics; marine microbiome; Moroccan lagoons; biodiversity; bioindicators
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MDPI and ACS Style

Chaouni, B.; Idrissi Azami, A.; Essayeh, S.; Arrafiqui, E.H.; Bailal, A.; Raoui, S.; Amzazi, S.; Twaddle, A.; El Hamouti, C.; Boukhatem, N.; Timinouni, M.; El Otmani, F.; Chahboune, R.; Barrijal, S.; El Homani, A.; Nejjari, C.; Zaid, E.H.; Hamamouch, N.; Bakkali, F.; Amaral-Zettler, L.; Ghazal, H. Moroccan Lagoon Microbiomes. Water 2022, 14, 1715. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111715

AMA Style

Chaouni B, Idrissi Azami A, Essayeh S, Arrafiqui EH, Bailal A, Raoui S, Amzazi S, Twaddle A, El Hamouti C, Boukhatem N, Timinouni M, El Otmani F, Chahboune R, Barrijal S, El Homani A, Nejjari C, Zaid EH, Hamamouch N, Bakkali F, Amaral-Zettler L, Ghazal H. Moroccan Lagoon Microbiomes. Water. 2022; 14(11):1715. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111715

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chaouni, Bouchra, Abdellah Idrissi Azami, Soumaya Essayeh, El Houcine Arrafiqui, Abdelhakim Bailal, Sanae Raoui, Saaïd Amzazi, Alan Twaddle, Chahrazade El Hamouti, Noureddine Boukhatem, Mohammed Timinouni, Fatima El Otmani, Rajaa Chahboune, Said Barrijal, Abdellatif El Homani, Chakib Nejjari, El Houssine Zaid, Noureddine Hamamouch, Fadil Bakkali, Linda Amaral-Zettler, and Hassan Ghazal. 2022. "Moroccan Lagoon Microbiomes" Water 14, no. 11: 1715. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111715

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