Potential Use of Dimocarpus longan Seeds as a Flocculant in Landfill Leachate Treatment
1
School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
2
Solid Waste Management Cluster, Science and Technology Research Centre, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2018, 10(11), 1672; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111672
Received: 19 October 2018 / Revised: 7 November 2018 / Accepted: 14 November 2018 / Published: 16 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality Engineering and Wastewater Treatment)
Landfill leachate is a highly polluted and generated from water infiltration through solid waste produced domestically and industrially. In this study, a coagulation–flocculation process using a combination of Polyaluminium chloride (PACl) as a coagulant and Dimocarpus longan seed powder (LSP) as coagulant aid was used in treating landfill leachate. LSP has been tested as the main coagulant and as coagulant aid with PACl. As the main coagulant, the optimum dosage and pH for PACl were 5 g/L and 6, respectively, with removal efficiencies of 67.44%, 99.47%, and 98% for COD, SS, and color, respectively. For LSP as the main coagulant, results show that LSP is not effective where the removal efficiencies obtained for COD, SS, and color were 39.40%, 22.20%, and 28.30%, respectively, with the optimum dosage of 2 g/L and pH 4. The maximum removal efficiencies of COD, SS, and color were 69.19%, 99.50%, and 98.80%, respectively, when LSP was used as coagulant aid with PACl. Results show that using LSP as coagulant aid was found to be more effective in the removal of COD, SS, and color with less PACl dosage. The PACl dosage was decreased from 5 to 2.75 g/L when LSP was used as a coagulant aid. Cost estimation for using PACl alone and using LSP as the coagulant aid showed a reduction in the cost of approximately 40% of the cost of using PACl alone. Overall, this study confirmed the efficiency of LSP to be used as a natural coagulant aid in leachate treatment.
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Keywords:
Dimocarpus longan seeds; leachate treatment; coagulant–flocculation; polyaluminium chloride
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MDPI and ACS Style
Aziz, H.A.; Rahim, N.A.; Ramli, S.F.; Alazaiza, M.Y.D.; Omar, F.M.; Hung, Y.-T. Potential Use of Dimocarpus longan Seeds as a Flocculant in Landfill Leachate Treatment. Water 2018, 10, 1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111672
AMA Style
Aziz HA, Rahim NA, Ramli SF, Alazaiza MYD, Omar FM, Hung Y-T. Potential Use of Dimocarpus longan Seeds as a Flocculant in Landfill Leachate Treatment. Water. 2018; 10(11):1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111672
Chicago/Turabian StyleAziz, Hamidi A.; Rahim, Nor A.; Ramli, Siti F.; Alazaiza, Motasem Y.D.; Omar, Fatehah M.; Hung, Yung-Tse. 2018. "Potential Use of Dimocarpus longan Seeds as a Flocculant in Landfill Leachate Treatment" Water 10, no. 11: 1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111672
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