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Volume 9
Issue 12
10.3390/genes9120598
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Article

The Genome of the North American Brown Bear or Grizzly: Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis

by
Gregory A. Taylor
1,*,
Heather Kirk
1,
Lauren Coombe
1,
Shaun D. Jackman
1,
Justin Chu
1,
Kane Tse
1,
Dean Cheng
1,
Eric Chuah
1,
Pawan Pandoh
1,
Rebecca Carlsen
1,
Yongjun Zhao
1,
Andrew J. Mungall
1,
Richard Moore
1,
Inanc Birol
1,2,
Maria Franke
3,
Marco A. Marra
1,2,
Christopher Dutton
3 and
Steven J. M. Jones
1,2,4
1
Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z-4S6, Canada
2
Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T-1Z4, Canada
3
Conservation and Wildlife Department, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON M1B-5K7, Canada
4
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A-1S6, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2018, 9(12), 598; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9120598
Received: 29 October 2018 / Revised: 23 November 2018 / Accepted: 28 November 2018 / Published: 30 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Genetics and Genomics)
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Abstract

The grizzly bear (Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis) represents the largest population of brown bears in North America. Its genome was sequenced using a microfluidic partitioning library construction technique, and these data were supplemented with sequencing from a nanopore-based long read platform. The final assembly was 2.33 Gb with a scaffold N50 of 36.7 Mb, and the genome is of comparable size to that of its close relative the polar bear (2.30 Gb). An analysis using 4104 highly conserved mammalian genes indicated that 96.1% were found to be complete within the assembly. An automated annotation of the genome identified 19,848 protein coding genes. Our study shows that the combination of the two sequencing modalities that we used is sufficient for the construction of highly contiguous reference quality mammalian genomes. The assembled genome sequence and the supporting raw sequence reads are available from the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) under the bioproject identifier PRJNA493656, and the assembly described in this paper is version QXTK01000000. View Full-Text
Keywords: grizzly bear; Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis; genome; microfluidic partitioning; nanopore grizzly bear; Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis; genome; microfluidic partitioning; nanopore
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MDPI and ACS Style

Taylor, G.A.; Kirk, H.; Coombe, L.; Jackman, S.D.; Chu, J.; Tse, K.; Cheng, D.; Chuah, E.; Pandoh, P.; Carlsen, R.; Zhao, Y.; Mungall, A.J.; Moore, R.; Birol, I.; Franke, M.; Marra, M.A.; Dutton, C.; Jones, S.J.M. The Genome of the North American Brown Bear or Grizzly: Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis. Genes 2018, 9, 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9120598

AMA Style

Taylor GA, Kirk H, Coombe L, Jackman SD, Chu J, Tse K, Cheng D, Chuah E, Pandoh P, Carlsen R, Zhao Y, Mungall AJ, Moore R, Birol I, Franke M, Marra MA, Dutton C, Jones SJM. The Genome of the North American Brown Bear or Grizzly: Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis. Genes. 2018; 9(12):598. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9120598

Chicago/Turabian Style

Taylor, Gregory A., Heather Kirk, Lauren Coombe, Shaun D. Jackman, Justin Chu, Kane Tse, Dean Cheng, Eric Chuah, Pawan Pandoh, Rebecca Carlsen, Yongjun Zhao, Andrew J. Mungall, Richard Moore, Inanc Birol, Maria Franke, Marco A. Marra, Christopher Dutton, and Steven J.M. Jones. 2018. "The Genome of the North American Brown Bear or Grizzly: Ursus arctos ssp. horribilis" Genes 9, no. 12: 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9120598

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