The Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Parasitoid Wasps Protapanteles immunis and Parapanteles hyposidrae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Phylogenetic Implications and Novel Gene Rearrangements
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Identification and DNA Extraction
2.2. Next-Generation Sequencing and Assembly
2.3. Mitochondrial Genome Annotation and Analysis
2.4. Phylogenetic Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Features of Mitochondrial Genomes
3.2. Base Composition, and Codon Usage
3.3. Gene Rearrangements
3.4. Phylogenetic Analyses
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Whole Genome | Protein-Coding Genes | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Length (bp) | A + T (%) | Length (bp) | A + T (%) | AT-Skew | GC-Skew | |
Pa. hypsidrae | 17,063 | 86.15 | 11,311 | 85.12 | −0.0696 | 0.1266 |
Pr. immunis | 16,397 | 86.56 | 11,088 | 85.52 | −0.1040 | 0.0847 |
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Xiao, D.; Wang, Z.; Zhu, J.; Zhou, X.; Tang, P.; Chen, X. The Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Parasitoid Wasps Protapanteles immunis and Parapanteles hyposidrae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Phylogenetic Implications and Novel Gene Rearrangements. Genes 2023, 14, 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14010230
Xiao D, Wang Z, Zhu J, Zhou X, Tang P, Chen X. The Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Parasitoid Wasps Protapanteles immunis and Parapanteles hyposidrae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Phylogenetic Implications and Novel Gene Rearrangements. Genes. 2023; 14(1):230. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14010230
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao, Dandan, Ziqi Wang, Jiachen Zhu, Xiaogui Zhou, Pu Tang, and Xuexin Chen. 2023. "The Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Parasitoid Wasps Protapanteles immunis and Parapanteles hyposidrae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Phylogenetic Implications and Novel Gene Rearrangements" Genes 14, no. 1: 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14010230