Role of Dietary Supplements and Probiotics in Modulating Microbiota and Bone Health: The Gut-Bone Axis
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Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
2
Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy
3
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, 46100 Mantova, Italy
4
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232, Singapore
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Toxalim Research Center in Food Toxicology (UMR 1331), French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), F-31300 Toulouse, France
6
Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Alexander E. Kalyuzhny
Cells 2022, 11(4), 743; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11040743
Received: 26 December 2021
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Revised: 4 February 2022
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Accepted: 9 February 2022
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Published: 21 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Health)
Osteoporosis is characterized by an alteration of bone microstructure with a decreased bone mineral density, leading to the incidence of fragility fractures. Around 200 million people are affected by osteoporosis, representing a major health burden worldwide. Several factors are involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Today, altered intestinal homeostasis is being investigated as a potential additional risk factor for reduced bone health and, therefore, as a novel potential therapeutic target. The intestinal microflora influences osteoclasts’ activity by regulating the serum levels of IGF-1, while also acting on the intestinal absorption of calcium. It is therefore not surprising that gut dysbiosis impacts bone health. Microbiota alterations affect the OPG/RANKL pathway in osteoclasts, and are correlated with reduced bone strength and quality. In this context, it has been hypothesized that dietary supplements, prebiotics, and probiotics contribute to the intestinal microecological balance that is important for bone health. The aim of the present comprehensive review is to describe the state of the art on the role of dietary supplements and probiotics as therapeutic agents for bone health regulation and osteoporosis, through gut microbiota modulation.
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Keywords:
bone health; osteoporosis; microbiota; gut microbiota; dietary supplements; probiotics
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MDPI and ACS Style
de Sire, A.; de Sire, R.; Curci, C.; Castiglione, F.; Wahli, W. Role of Dietary Supplements and Probiotics in Modulating Microbiota and Bone Health: The Gut-Bone Axis. Cells 2022, 11, 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11040743
AMA Style
de Sire A, de Sire R, Curci C, Castiglione F, Wahli W. Role of Dietary Supplements and Probiotics in Modulating Microbiota and Bone Health: The Gut-Bone Axis. Cells. 2022; 11(4):743. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11040743
Chicago/Turabian Stylede Sire, Alessandro, Roberto de Sire, Claudio Curci, Fabiana Castiglione, and Walter Wahli. 2022. "Role of Dietary Supplements and Probiotics in Modulating Microbiota and Bone Health: The Gut-Bone Axis" Cells 11, no. 4: 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11040743
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