Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Androgens and Estrogens
3. Sex Hormones and Their Receptors in the Cornea
3.1. Maintenance of the Ocular Surface
3.2. Wound Healing
3.3. Corneal Stromal Thickness
4. Roles of Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor in the Cornea
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Receptor | Corneal Epithelial Cells | Corneal Stromal Fibroblasts | Corneal Endothelium | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Androgen receptor | + | + | + | [24,26,27] |
Estrogen α or β receptor | + | + | + | [24,26,27] |
Progesterone receptor | + | n/a | + | [24,26,27,28] |
Luteinizing hormone receptor | - | + | n/a | [25] |
Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor | + | + | n/a | [25] |
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McKay, T.B.; Priyadarsini, S.; Karamichos, D. Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea. Cells 2022, 11, 224. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11020224
McKay TB, Priyadarsini S, Karamichos D. Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea. Cells. 2022; 11(2):224. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11020224
Chicago/Turabian StyleMcKay, Tina B., Shrestha Priyadarsini, and Dimitrios Karamichos. 2022. "Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea" Cells 11, no. 2: 224. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11020224