Anti-Metastatic Effects of Standardized Polysaccharide Fraction from Diospyros kaki Leaves via GSK3β/β-Catenin and JNK Inactivation in Human Colon Cancer Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents
2.2. Cell Culture
2.3. Cell Viability
2.4. Wound-Healing Assay
2.5. Invasion Assay
2.6. qRT-PCR Assay
2.7. Western Blotting
2.8. Gelatin Zymography Assay
2.9. Transient Transfection and Luciferase Assay
2.10. Small-Interfering RNA (siRNA) Transfection
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. PLE0 Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of HT-29 and HCT-116
3.2. PLE0 Inhibits Mesenchymal and Epithelial Phenotypes in HT-29 Cells
3.3. The Activity and Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by PLE0 in HT-29 Cells
3.4. PLE0 Suppresses the Activation of NF-κB and AP-1 in HT-29 Cells
3.5. PLE0 Inhibits Metastasis via JNK Inactivation in HT-29 Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lee, W.-S.; Shin, J.-S.; Jang, S.-Y.; Chung, K.-S.; Kim, S.-D.; Cho, C.-W.; Hong, H.-D.; Rhee, Y.K.; Lee, K.-T. Anti-Metastatic Effects of Standardized Polysaccharide Fraction from Diospyros kaki Leaves via GSK3β/β-Catenin and JNK Inactivation in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Polymers 2024, 16, 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16091275
Lee W-S, Shin J-S, Jang S-Y, Chung K-S, Kim S-D, Cho C-W, Hong H-D, Rhee YK, Lee K-T. Anti-Metastatic Effects of Standardized Polysaccharide Fraction from Diospyros kaki Leaves via GSK3β/β-Catenin and JNK Inactivation in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Polymers. 2024; 16(9):1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16091275
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Woo-Seok, Ji-Sun Shin, Seo-Yun Jang, Kyung-Sook Chung, Soo-Dong Kim, Chang-Won Cho, Hee-Do Hong, Young Kyoung Rhee, and Kyung-Tae Lee. 2024. "Anti-Metastatic Effects of Standardized Polysaccharide Fraction from Diospyros kaki Leaves via GSK3β/β-Catenin and JNK Inactivation in Human Colon Cancer Cells" Polymers 16, no. 9: 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16091275
APA StyleLee, W. -S., Shin, J. -S., Jang, S. -Y., Chung, K. -S., Kim, S. -D., Cho, C. -W., Hong, H. -D., Rhee, Y. K., & Lee, K. -T. (2024). Anti-Metastatic Effects of Standardized Polysaccharide Fraction from Diospyros kaki Leaves via GSK3β/β-Catenin and JNK Inactivation in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Polymers, 16(9), 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16091275