Sustainable, Low Flammability, Mechanically-Strong Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Aerogels
2.3. Characterizations
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Mechanical Properties
3.2. Morphology
3.3. Thermal Stability
3.4. Combustion Behavior
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | PVA (g/%total) | Tannic acid (g/%total) | NaOH (g/%total) | DI water (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|
P5 | 5/100% | 0/0% | 0/0% | 100 |
P10 | 10/100% | 0/0% | 0/0% | 100 |
P5/S | 5/90% | 0/0% | 0.587/10% | 100 |
P5/T1/S | 5/76% | 1/15% | 0.587/9% | 100 |
P5/T2/S | 5/61% | 2/25% | 1.174/14% | 100 |
Sample | Density (g/cm3) | Modulus (MPa) | Specific modulus (MPa cm3/g) |
---|---|---|---|
P5 | 0.065±0.003 | 0.5±0.0 | 7.7±0.4 |
P10 | 0.124±0.002 | 8.6±2.3 | 69±18 |
P5/S | 0.087±0.001 | 1.4±0.4 | 16±5 |
P5/T1/S | 0.088±0.001 | 4.3±0.6 | 49±7 |
P5/T2/S | 0.141±0.003 | 13±3 | 90±21 |
Sample | Td10% (°C) | Td20% (°C) | Tdmax (°C) | Dw/dt (%/°C) | Weight at 100(%) | Residue (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P5 | 228 | 239 | 250 | 2.67 | 94.4 | 6.4 |
P10 | 228 | 238 | 250 | 3.03 | 93.6 | 2.6 |
P5/S | 170 | 186 | 198 | 1.88 | 92.6 | 22 |
P5/T1/S | 156 | 197 | 208 | 1.57 | 91.4 | 26 |
P5/T2/S | 193 | 209 | 214 | 1.41 | 95.4 | 35 |
Sample | Weight (g) | TTI (s) | PHRR (kW/m2) | TTPHRR (s) | FIGRA (kW/(s m2)) | THR (MJ/m2) | THR/mass (MJ/(m2 g)) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P5 | 5.3 | 8 | 534 | 32 | 16.7 | 12.9 | 2.4 |
P10 | 8.9 | 8 | 574 | 51 | 11.3 | 21.1 | 2.4 |
P5/S | 5.9 | 3 | 160 | 12 | 13.4 | 9.4 | 1.6 |
P5/T1/S | 5.8 | 6 | 201 | 16 | 12.6 | 8.3 | 1.4 |
P5/T2/S | 6.7 | 7 | 166 | 37 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 1.1 |
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Cheng, Z.; DeGracia, K.; Schiraldi, D.A. Sustainable, Low Flammability, Mechanically-Strong Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels. Polymers 2018, 10, 1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101102
Cheng Z, DeGracia K, Schiraldi DA. Sustainable, Low Flammability, Mechanically-Strong Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels. Polymers. 2018; 10(10):1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101102
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheng, Zhihan, Kimberly DeGracia, and David A. Schiraldi. 2018. "Sustainable, Low Flammability, Mechanically-Strong Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels" Polymers 10, no. 10: 1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101102