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Volume 13
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10.3390/catal13040645
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Article

Green Catalytic Conversion of Some Benzylic Alcohols to Acids by NiO2 Nanoparticles (NPNPs) in Water

by
Abdel Ghany F. Shoair
1,2,*,
Mai M. A. H. Shanab
3,
Nasser A. El-Ghamaz
4,
Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha
5,6,
Sayed H. Kenawy
6,7 and
Tarek A. Yousef
6,8
1
Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif 21975, Saudi Arabia
2
High Altitude Research Center, Taif University, Taif 21975, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Humanities Studies (Girls Section), Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11149, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
5
Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
6
Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
7
Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
8
Toxic and Nacrotic Drugs Laboratory, Department of Forensic Medicine, Mansoura Laboratory, Medico Legal Organization, Ministry of Justice, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 645; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040645
Submission received: 25 February 2023 / Revised: 17 March 2023 / Accepted: 18 March 2023 / Published: 23 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis with Earth-Abundant Metals Iron, Cobalt, Nickel and Copper for Sustainability)
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Abstract

The aqueous basic systems NiSO4·6H2O/K2S2O8 (pH = 14) and NiSO4·6H2O/KBrO3 (pH = 11.5) were investigated for the catalytic conversion of benzyl alcohol and some para-substituted benzyl alcohols to their corresponding acids in 75–97% yields at room temperature. The active species was isolated and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction, EDX and FT-IR techniques, and identified as comprising NiO2 nanoparticles (NPNPs). The SEM and TEM images of the Ni peroxide samples showed a fine spherical-like aggregation of NiO2 molecules with a nearly homogeneous partial size and confirmed the aggregation’s size to be in the range of 2–3 nm. The yields, turn over (TO) and turn over frequencies (TOF) were calculated. It was noticed that the aromatic alcohols containing para-substituted electron donation groups gave better yields than those having electron withdrawing groups. The optimum conditions for this catalytic reaction were studied using benzyl alcohol as a model. The mechanism of the catalytic conversion reaction was suggested, in which the produced NPNPs convert alcohols to acids in two steps through the formation of the corresponding aldehyde. The produced NiO because of this conversion is converted again to NPNPs by the excess of K2S2O8 or KBrO3. This catalytic cycle continues until all of the substrate is oxidized.
Keywords: nickel peroxide nanoparticles (NPBPs); catalyst; benzyl alcohol; green oxidation nickel peroxide nanoparticles (NPBPs); catalyst; benzyl alcohol; green oxidation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shoair, A.G.F.; Shanab, M.M.A.H.; El-Ghamaz, N.A.; Abou-Krisha, M.M.; Kenawy, S.H.; Yousef, T.A. Green Catalytic Conversion of Some Benzylic Alcohols to Acids by NiO2 Nanoparticles (NPNPs) in Water. Catalysts 2023, 13, 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040645

AMA Style

Shoair AGF, Shanab MMAH, El-Ghamaz NA, Abou-Krisha MM, Kenawy SH, Yousef TA. Green Catalytic Conversion of Some Benzylic Alcohols to Acids by NiO2 Nanoparticles (NPNPs) in Water. Catalysts. 2023; 13(4):645. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040645

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shoair, Abdel Ghany F., Mai M. A. H. Shanab, Nasser A. El-Ghamaz, Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha, Sayed H. Kenawy, and Tarek A. Yousef. 2023. "Green Catalytic Conversion of Some Benzylic Alcohols to Acids by NiO2 Nanoparticles (NPNPs) in Water" Catalysts 13, no. 4: 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040645

APA Style

Shoair, A. G. F., Shanab, M. M. A. H., El-Ghamaz, N. A., Abou-Krisha, M. M., Kenawy, S. H., & Yousef, T. A. (2023). Green Catalytic Conversion of Some Benzylic Alcohols to Acids by NiO2 Nanoparticles (NPNPs) in Water. Catalysts, 13(4), 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040645

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