Expression of CK17 and SOX2 in Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 150 Vulvar Lesions
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Categorization of Vulvar Lesions
2.2. Tissue Processing
2.3. Immunohistochemical Staining Patterns for p16INK4a, p53, Ki-67, CK1, and SOX2
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Vulvar Disease Categories
3.2. CK17 Immunohistochemistry
3.3. SOX2 Immunohistochemistry
3.4. Performance of Markers for Accurate Diagnosis of HPV-Independent VIN
3.5. Prognostic Value of CK17 and SOX2
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Imunohistochemical Marker | Expression Pattern | HPV-Independent VIN | HPV-Associated SIL | Non-Dysplastic | Inconclusive | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p53 Mutant | p53 Wild-Type | HSIL | LSIL | ||||||||||
n = 30 | (%) | n = 16 | (%) | n = 58 | (%) | n = 4 | (%) | n = 37 | (%) | n = 5 | (%) | ||
P53 | Wild-type | 0 | (0) | 16 | (100) | 58 | (100) | 4 | (100) | 37 | (100) | 4 | (80) |
Mutant | 30 | (100) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (20) | |
CK17 | Negative | 8 | (27) | 0 | (0) | 50 | (86) | 4 | (100) | 27 | (73) | 2 | (40) |
No expression | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 16 | (28) | 2 | (50) | 17 | (46) | 1 | (20) | |
Patchy | 8 | (27) | 0 | (0) | 34 | (59) | 2 | (50) | 10 | (27) | 1 | (20) | |
Positive | 22 | (73) | 16 | (100) | 8 | (14) | 0 | (0) | 9 | (24) | 3 | (60) | |
Full-epithelial | 8 | (27) | 6 | (38) | 1 | (2) | 0 | (0) | 3 | (8) | 1 | (20) | |
Partial thickness | 14 | (47) | 10 | (63) | 7 | (12) | 0 | (0) | 6 | (16) | 2 | (40) | |
Not judgeable | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | |
SOX2 | Negative | 17 | 14 | 57 | 4 | (100) | 35 | (95) | 5 | (100) | |||
No expression | 11 | (37) | 9 | (56) | 53 | (91) | 3 | (75) | 24 | (65) | 2 | (40) | |
Patchy | 6 | (20) | 5 | (31) | 4 | (7) | 1 | (25) | 11 | (30) | 3 | (60) | |
Positive | 13 | (43) | 2 | (13) | 1 | (2) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | |
Full-epithelial | 8 | (27) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (2) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | |
Partial thickness | 5 | (17) | 2 | (13) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | |
Not judgeable | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | |
P16INK4a | Negative | 29 | (97) | 16 | (100) | 0 | (0) | 3 | (75) | 36 | (97) | 5 | (100) |
Block-positive | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | 58 | (100) | 1 | (25) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | |
Not judgeable | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (3) | 0 | (0) | |
Ki-67 | Not increased | 4 | (13) | 2 | (13) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 20 | (54) | 1 | (20) |
Increased | 26 | (87) | 14 | (88) | 58 | (100) | 4 | (100) | 17 | (46) | 4 | (80) |
HPV-Independent VIN | Immunohistochemical Marker | Sensitivity | Specificity | Accuracy | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |||||
All | P53 | 65 | (50–79) | 100 | (90–100) | 80 | (71–89) |
n = 46 | CK17 | 83 | (69–92) | 75 | (58–88) | 79 | (69–87) |
SOX2 | 33 | (20–48) | 97 | (85–99.9) | 61 | (70–88) | |
P53/CK17 | 100 | (92–100) | 76 | (59–88) | 89 | (80–95) | |
P53/SOX2 | 70 | (54–82) | 95 | (82–99) | 81 | (71–89) | |
P53/CK17/SOX2 | 100 | (92–100) | 70 | (53–84) | 87 | (78–93) | |
P53 mutant | CK17 | 73 | (54–88) | 75 | (58–88) | 74 | (62–84) |
n = 30 | SOX2 | 43 | (26–63) | 97 | (85–99.9) | 73 | (60–83) |
P53 wild-type | CK17 | 100 | (79–100) | 75 | (58–88) | 83 | (70–92) |
n = 16 | SOX2 | 13 | (2–38) | 97 | (85–99.9) | 71 | (57–83) |
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Thuijs, N.B.; Voss, F.O.; Ewing-Graham, P.C.; Dasgupta, S.; Berkhof, J.; Bulten, J.; van de Vijver, K.; Bleeker, M.C.G. Expression of CK17 and SOX2 in Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 150 Vulvar Lesions. Cancers 2024, 16, 3966. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16233966
Thuijs NB, Voss FO, Ewing-Graham PC, Dasgupta S, Berkhof J, Bulten J, van de Vijver K, Bleeker MCG. Expression of CK17 and SOX2 in Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 150 Vulvar Lesions. Cancers. 2024; 16(23):3966. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16233966
Chicago/Turabian StyleThuijs, Nikki B., Féline O. Voss, Patricia C. Ewing-Graham, Shatavisha Dasgupta, Johannes Berkhof, Johan Bulten, Koen van de Vijver, and Maaike C. G. Bleeker. 2024. "Expression of CK17 and SOX2 in Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 150 Vulvar Lesions" Cancers 16, no. 23: 3966. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16233966
APA StyleThuijs, N. B., Voss, F. O., Ewing-Graham, P. C., Dasgupta, S., Berkhof, J., Bulten, J., van de Vijver, K., & Bleeker, M. C. G. (2024). Expression of CK17 and SOX2 in Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Analysis of 150 Vulvar Lesions. Cancers, 16(23), 3966. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16233966