Cytotoxic Proteins and Therapeutic Targets in Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions
by
Shih-Chi Su 1 and Wen-Hung Chung 1,2,*
Shih-Chi Su 1 and Wen-Hung Chung 1,2,*
1
Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals, Taipei, Linkou, and Keelung, 33305, Taiwan
2
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Toxins 2014, 6(1), 194-210; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins6010194
Received: 28 November 2013 / Revised: 20 December 2013 / Accepted: 27 December 2013 / Published: 3 January 2014
Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN), are rare but life-threatening conditions induced mainly by a variety of drugs. Until now, an effective treatment for SJS/TEN still remains unavailable. Current studies have suggested that the pathobiology of drug-mediated SJS and TEN involves major histocompatibility class (MHC) I-restricted activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) response. This CTLs response requires several cytotoxic signals or mediators, including granulysin, perforin/granzyme B, and Fas/Fas ligand, to trigger extensive keratinocyte death. In this article, we will discuss the cytotoxic mechanisms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions and their potential applications on therapeutics for this disease.
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Keywords:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome; toxic epidermal necrosis; granulysin; perforin; granzyme B; Fas/Fas ligand
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MDPI and ACS Style
Su, S.-C.; Chung, W.-H. Cytotoxic Proteins and Therapeutic Targets in Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions. Toxins 2014, 6, 194-210.
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