Mycotoxins Contaminant in Kelp: A Neglected Dietary Exposure Pathway
1
Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory in Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
2
NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
3
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Toxins 2018, 10(11), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110481
Received: 8 October 2018
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Revised: 28 October 2018
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Accepted: 12 November 2018
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Published: 19 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Section Mycotoxins)
In order to investigated current occurrence of major mycotoxins in dietary kelp in Shandong Province in Northern China, a reliable, sensitive, and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of the 7 most frequent mycotoxins, including 3-acetoxy deoxynivalenol (3AcDON), 15-acetoxy deoxynivalenol (15AcDON), Deoxynivalenol (DON), Fusarenon-X (F-X), Nivalenol (NIV), T-2 toxin (T-2), and Zearalenone (ZEA). Based on optimized pretreatment and chromatographic and mass spectrometry conditions, these target analytes could be monitored with mean recoveries from 72.59~107.34%, with intra–day RSD < 9.21%, inter–day RSD < 9.09%, LOD < 5.55 μg kg−1, and LOQ < 18.5 μg kg−1. Approximately 43 kelp samples were detected, 3AcDON/15AcDON ranged from 15.3 to 162.5 μg kg−1 with positive rate of 86% in Shandong Province in Northern China. Considering there were no related investigations about mycotoxin contamination in kelp, the high contamination rate of 3AcDON/15AcDON in kelp showed a neglected mycotoxin exposure pathway, which might lead to high dietary exposure risk to consumers.
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Keywords:
LC-MS/MS; mycotoxins; dietary exposure risk; kelp; Northern China
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MDPI and ACS Style
Li, Y.; Sun, M.; Mao, X.; You, Y.; Gao, Y.; Yang, J.; Wu, Y. Mycotoxins Contaminant in Kelp: A Neglected Dietary Exposure Pathway. Toxins 2018, 10, 481. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110481
AMA Style
Li Y, Sun M, Mao X, You Y, Gao Y, Yang J, Wu Y. Mycotoxins Contaminant in Kelp: A Neglected Dietary Exposure Pathway. Toxins. 2018; 10(11):481. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110481
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yanshen, Mingxue Sun, Xin Mao, Yanli You, Yonglin Gao, Jianrong Yang, and Yongning Wu. 2018. "Mycotoxins Contaminant in Kelp: A Neglected Dietary Exposure Pathway" Toxins 10, no. 11: 481. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10110481
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