Improved Dietary Guidelines for Vitamin D: Application of Individual Participant Data (IPD)-Level Meta-Regression Analyses
1
Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337, Ireland
2
Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork T12 DFK4, Ireland
3
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark
4
Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), University College Cork, Cork T12 DFK4, Ireland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2017, 9(5), 469; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050469
Received: 21 March 2017
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Revised: 27 April 2017
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Accepted: 2 May 2017
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Published: 8 May 2017
Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for vitamin D have a key role in the prevention of vitamin D deficiency. However, despite adopting similar risk assessment protocols, estimates from authoritative agencies over the last 6 years have been diverse. This may have arisen from diverse approaches to data analysis. Modelling strategies for pooling of individual subject data from cognate vitamin D randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are likely to provide the most appropriate DRV estimates. Thus, the objective of the present work was to undertake the first-ever individual participant data (IPD)-level meta-regression, which is increasingly recognized as best practice, from seven winter-based RCTs (with 882 participants ranging in age from 4 to 90 years) of the vitamin D intake–serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) dose-response. Our IPD-derived estimates of vitamin D intakes required to maintain 97.5% of 25(OH)D concentrations >25, 30, and 50 nmol/L across the population are 10, 13, and 26 µg/day, respectively. In contrast, standard meta-regression analyses with aggregate data (as used by several agencies in recent years) from the same RCTs estimated that a vitamin D intake requirement of 14 µg/day would maintain 97.5% of 25(OH)D >50 nmol/L. These first IPD-derived estimates offer improved dietary recommendations for vitamin D because the underpinning modeling captures the between-person variability in response of serum 25(OH)D to vitamin D intake.
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Keywords:
vitamin D recommendations; DRV; RDA; EAR; Individual Participant Data-level meta-regression analyses
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MDPI and ACS Style
Cashman, K.D.; Ritz, C.; Kiely, M.; ODIN Collaborators. Improved Dietary Guidelines for Vitamin D: Application of Individual Participant Data (IPD)-Level Meta-Regression Analyses. Nutrients 2017, 9, 469. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050469
AMA Style
Cashman KD, Ritz C, Kiely M, ODIN Collaborators. Improved Dietary Guidelines for Vitamin D: Application of Individual Participant Data (IPD)-Level Meta-Regression Analyses. Nutrients. 2017; 9(5):469. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050469
Chicago/Turabian StyleCashman, Kevin D., Christian Ritz, Mairead Kiely, and ODIN Collaborators. 2017. "Improved Dietary Guidelines for Vitamin D: Application of Individual Participant Data (IPD)-Level Meta-Regression Analyses" Nutrients 9, no. 5: 469. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050469
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