Association between Polymorphisms in the Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Cluster and the Plasma Triacylglycerol Response to an n-3 PUFA Supplementation
by
Hubert Cormier 1,*, Iwona Rudkowska 1,2, Ann-Marie Paradis 1, Elisabeth Thifault 1, Véronique Garneau 1, Simone Lemieux 1, Patrick Couture 1 and Marie-Claude Vohl 1,2,*
Hubert Cormier 1,*, Iwona Rudkowska 1,2, Ann-Marie Paradis 1, Elisabeth Thifault 1, Véronique Garneau 1, Simone Lemieux 1, Patrick Couture 1 and Marie-Claude Vohl 1,2,*
1
Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
2
Endocrinology and Genomics, Laval University Medical Center, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2012, 4(8), 1026-1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu4081026
Received: 1 June 2012 / Revised: 14 July 2012 / Accepted: 3 August 2012 / Published: 17 August 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Lipids: Sources, Function and Metabolism)
Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have been reported to have a variety of beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, a large inter-individual variability in the plasma lipid response to an omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation is observed in different studies. Genetic variations may influence plasma lipid responsiveness. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a supplementation with n-3 PUFA on the plasma lipid profile in relation to the presence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster. A total of 208 subjects from Quebec City area were supplemented with 3 g/day of n-3 PUFA, during six weeks. In a statistical model including the effect of the genotype, the supplementation and the genotype by supplementation interaction, SNP rs174546 was significantly associated (p = 0.02) with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, pre- and post-supplementation. The n-3 supplementation had an independent effect on plasma TG levels and no significant genotype by supplementation interaction effects were observed. In summary, our data support the notion that the FADS gene cluster is a major determinant of plasma TG levels. SNP rs174546 may be an important SNP associated with plasma TG levels and FADS1 gene expression independently of a nutritional intervention with n-3 PUFA.
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Keywords:
triacylglycerol; metabolic pathways; lipids; genotypes; FADS gene cluster; polyunsaturated fatty acid omega-3
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MDPI and ACS Style
Cormier, H.; Rudkowska, I.; Paradis, A.-M.; Thifault, E.; Garneau, V.; Lemieux, S.; Couture, P.; Vohl, M.-C. Association between Polymorphisms in the Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Cluster and the Plasma Triacylglycerol Response to an n-3 PUFA Supplementation. Nutrients 2012, 4, 1026-1041.
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