Trehalose Suppresses Lysosomal Anomalies in Supporting Cells of Oocytes and Maintains Female Fertility
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents and Chemicals
2.2. Patients and Follicle Stimulation Protocol
2.3. Cumulus and MGC Preparation
2.4. Conventional In Vitro Fertilization (c-IVF) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
2.5. Treatment of Female Mice with Autophagy Inducer and Inhibitor
2.6. Treatment of KGN Cells with Autophagy Inducer and Inhibitor
2.7. Lysosomal Observation
2.8. Electron Microscopic Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Infertility
3.2. Ovulation Problems Caused by Suppression of Autophagy
3.3. Lysosomal Anomalies in a Granulosa Cell-Derived Cell Line
3.4. Lysosomal Anomalies Caused by Autophagic Dysfunction in KGN Cells
3.5. Effect of Trehalose on Chloroquine-Treated KGN Cells and Female Mice
4. Discussion
4.1. Suppression of Autophagy by Chloroquine
4.2. Negative Effect of Chloroquine on Lysosomal Biogenesis
4.3. Failure of the Clearance of Problematic Lysosomes and Diseases
4.4. Therapeutic Effect of Trehalose against Human Diseases
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kang, W.; Ishida, E.; Amita, M.; Tatsumi, K.; Yonezawa, H.; Yohtsu, M.; Katano, D.; Onozawa, K.; Kaneko, E.; Iwasaki, W.; et al. Trehalose Suppresses Lysosomal Anomalies in Supporting Cells of Oocytes and Maintains Female Fertility. Nutrients 2022, 14, 2156. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102156
Kang W, Ishida E, Amita M, Tatsumi K, Yonezawa H, Yohtsu M, Katano D, Onozawa K, Kaneko E, Iwasaki W, et al. Trehalose Suppresses Lysosomal Anomalies in Supporting Cells of Oocytes and Maintains Female Fertility. Nutrients. 2022; 14(10):2156. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102156
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Woojin, Eri Ishida, Mitsuyoshi Amita, Kuniko Tatsumi, Hitomi Yonezawa, Miku Yohtsu, Daiki Katano, Kae Onozawa, Erika Kaneko, Wakako Iwasaki, and et al. 2022. "Trehalose Suppresses Lysosomal Anomalies in Supporting Cells of Oocytes and Maintains Female Fertility" Nutrients 14, no. 10: 2156. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102156